Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.

Farming and pesticide use have previously been linked to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM). We evaluated agricultural use of specific insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants and risk of NHL and NHL-subtypes (including CLL and MM) in a U.S.-based...

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Autores principales:	Michael C R Alavanja, Jonathan N Hofmann, Charles F Lynch, Cynthia J Hines, Kathryn H Barry, Joseph Barker, Dennis W Buckman, Kent Thomas, Dale P Sandler, Jane A Hoppin, Stella Koutros, Gabriella Andreotti, Jay H Lubin, Aaron Blair, Laura E Beane Freeman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6d45bdf5c1774b17b586c54ba9b5d30c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6d45bdf5c1774b17b586c54ba9b5d30c2021-11-25T05:55:34ZNon-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0109332https://doaj.org/article/6d45bdf5c1774b17b586c54ba9b5d30c2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109332https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Farming and pesticide use have previously been linked to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM). We evaluated agricultural use of specific insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants and risk of NHL and NHL-subtypes (including CLL and MM) in a U.S.-based prospective cohort of farmers and commercial pesticide applicators. A total of 523 cases occurred among 54,306 pesticide applicators from enrollment (1993-97) through December 31, 2011 in Iowa, and December 31, 2010 in North Carolina. Information on pesticide use, other agricultural exposures and other factors was obtained from questionnaires at enrollment and at follow-up approximately five years later (1999-2005). Information from questionnaires, monitoring, and the literature were used to create lifetime-days and intensity-weighted lifetime days of pesticide use, taking into account exposure-modifying factors. Poisson and polytomous models were used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate associations between 26 pesticides and NHL and five NHL-subtypes, while adjusting for potential confounding factors. For total NHL, statistically significant positive exposure-response trends were seen with lindane and DDT. Terbufos was associated with total NHL in ever/never comparisons only. In subtype analyses, terbufos and DDT were associated with small cell lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia/marginal cell lymphoma, lindane and diazinon with follicular lymphoma, and permethrin with MM. However, tests of homogeneity did not show significant differences in exposure-response among NHL-subtypes for any pesticide. Because 26 pesticides were evaluated for their association with NHL and its subtypes, some chance finding could have occurred. Our results showed pesticides from different chemical and functional classes were associated with an excess risk of NHL and NHL subtypes, but not all members of any single class of pesticides were associated with an elevated risk of NHL or NHL subtypes. These findings are among the first to suggest links between DDT, lindane, permethrin, diazinon and terbufos with NHL subtypes.Michael C R AlavanjaJonathan N HofmannCharles F LynchCynthia J HinesKathryn H BarryJoseph BarkerDennis W BuckmanKent ThomasDale P SandlerJane A HoppinStella KoutrosGabriella AndreottiJay H LubinAaron BlairLaura E Beane FreemanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e109332 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michael C R Alavanja Jonathan N Hofmann Charles F Lynch Cynthia J Hines Kathryn H Barry Joseph Barker Dennis W Buckman Kent Thomas Dale P Sandler Jane A Hoppin Stella Koutros Gabriella Andreotti Jay H Lubin Aaron Blair Laura E Beane Freeman Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.
description	Farming and pesticide use have previously been linked to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM). We evaluated agricultural use of specific insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants and risk of NHL and NHL-subtypes (including CLL and MM) in a U.S.-based prospective cohort of farmers and commercial pesticide applicators. A total of 523 cases occurred among 54,306 pesticide applicators from enrollment (1993-97) through December 31, 2011 in Iowa, and December 31, 2010 in North Carolina. Information on pesticide use, other agricultural exposures and other factors was obtained from questionnaires at enrollment and at follow-up approximately five years later (1999-2005). Information from questionnaires, monitoring, and the literature were used to create lifetime-days and intensity-weighted lifetime days of pesticide use, taking into account exposure-modifying factors. Poisson and polytomous models were used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate associations between 26 pesticides and NHL and five NHL-subtypes, while adjusting for potential confounding factors. For total NHL, statistically significant positive exposure-response trends were seen with lindane and DDT. Terbufos was associated with total NHL in ever/never comparisons only. In subtype analyses, terbufos and DDT were associated with small cell lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia/marginal cell lymphoma, lindane and diazinon with follicular lymphoma, and permethrin with MM. However, tests of homogeneity did not show significant differences in exposure-response among NHL-subtypes for any pesticide. Because 26 pesticides were evaluated for their association with NHL and its subtypes, some chance finding could have occurred. Our results showed pesticides from different chemical and functional classes were associated with an excess risk of NHL and NHL subtypes, but not all members of any single class of pesticides were associated with an elevated risk of NHL or NHL subtypes. These findings are among the first to suggest links between DDT, lindane, permethrin, diazinon and terbufos with NHL subtypes.
format	article
author	Michael C R Alavanja Jonathan N Hofmann Charles F Lynch Cynthia J Hines Kathryn H Barry Joseph Barker Dennis W Buckman Kent Thomas Dale P Sandler Jane A Hoppin Stella Koutros Gabriella Andreotti Jay H Lubin Aaron Blair Laura E Beane Freeman
author_facet	Michael C R Alavanja Jonathan N Hofmann Charles F Lynch Cynthia J Hines Kathryn H Barry Joseph Barker Dennis W Buckman Kent Thomas Dale P Sandler Jane A Hoppin Stella Koutros Gabriella Andreotti Jay H Lubin Aaron Blair Laura E Beane Freeman
author_sort	Michael C R Alavanja
title	Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.
title_short	Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.
title_full	Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.
title_fullStr	Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.
title_full_unstemmed	Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.
title_sort	non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/6d45bdf5c1774b17b586c54ba9b5d30c
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Non-hodgkin lymphoma risk and insecticide, fungicide and fumigant use in the agricultural health study.

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