Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium

Abstract The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fe...

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Autores principales:	Doaa Ibrahim, Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan, M. Badawi, Tamer Ahmed Ismail, Mahmoud M. Bendary, Adel M. Abdelaziz, Rasha A. Mosbah, Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed, Ahmed H. Arisha, Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6d4c5d37f7b44cc9afdf350390c4d1af
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6d4c5d37f7b44cc9afdf350390c4d1af2021-12-02T14:37:07ZThymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium10.1038/s41598-021-86990-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6d4c5d37f7b44cc9afdf350390c4d1af2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86990-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fed basal diet without additives and thymol and thymol nanoemulsion groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1% each). At d 23, all chicks except negative control were challenged with S. Typhimurium. Over the total growing period, birds fed 1% thymol nanoemulsion showed better growth performance even after S. Typhimurium challenge, which came parallel with upregulation of digestive enzyme genes (AMY2A, PNLIP and CCK). Additionally, higher levels of thymol nanoemulsion upregulated the expression of MUC-2, FABP2, IL-10, IgA and tight junction proteins genes and downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 genes expression. Moreover, 1% thymol nanoemulsion, and to lesser extent 0.5% thymol nanoemulsion and 1% thymol, corrected the histological alterations of cecum and liver postinfection. Finally, supplementation of 1% thymol, 0.5 and 1% thymol nanoemulsion led to increased Lactobacilli counts and decreased S. Typhimurium populations and downregulated invA gene expression postinfection. This first report of supplying thymol nanoemulsion in broiler diets proved that 1% nano-thymol is a potential growth promoting and antibacterial agent.Doaa IbrahimAhmed Abdelfattah-HassanM. BadawiTamer Ahmed IsmailMahmoud M. BendaryAdel M. AbdelazizRasha A. MosbahDalia Ibrahim MohamedAhmed H. ArishaMarwa I. Abd El-HamidNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Doaa Ibrahim Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan M. Badawi Tamer Ahmed Ismail Mahmoud M. Bendary Adel M. Abdelaziz Rasha A. Mosbah Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed H. Arisha Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium
description	Abstract The present study involved in vivo evaluation of the growth promoting effects of thymol and thymol nanoemulsion and their protection against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in broilers. One-day old 2400 chicks were randomly divided into eight groups; negative and positive control groups fed basal diet without additives and thymol and thymol nanoemulsion groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1% each). At d 23, all chicks except negative control were challenged with S. Typhimurium. Over the total growing period, birds fed 1% thymol nanoemulsion showed better growth performance even after S. Typhimurium challenge, which came parallel with upregulation of digestive enzyme genes (AMY2A, PNLIP and CCK). Additionally, higher levels of thymol nanoemulsion upregulated the expression of MUC-2, FABP2, IL-10, IgA and tight junction proteins genes and downregulated IL-2 and IL-6 genes expression. Moreover, 1% thymol nanoemulsion, and to lesser extent 0.5% thymol nanoemulsion and 1% thymol, corrected the histological alterations of cecum and liver postinfection. Finally, supplementation of 1% thymol, 0.5 and 1% thymol nanoemulsion led to increased Lactobacilli counts and decreased S. Typhimurium populations and downregulated invA gene expression postinfection. This first report of supplying thymol nanoemulsion in broiler diets proved that 1% nano-thymol is a potential growth promoting and antibacterial agent.
format	article
author	Doaa Ibrahim Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan M. Badawi Tamer Ahmed Ismail Mahmoud M. Bendary Adel M. Abdelaziz Rasha A. Mosbah Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed H. Arisha Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid
author_facet	Doaa Ibrahim Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan M. Badawi Tamer Ahmed Ismail Mahmoud M. Bendary Adel M. Abdelaziz Rasha A. Mosbah Dalia Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed H. Arisha Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid
author_sort	Doaa Ibrahim
title	Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium
title_short	Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium
title_full	Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium
title_fullStr	Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium
title_full_unstemmed	Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium
title_sort	thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against salmonella typhimurium
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6d4c5d37f7b44cc9afdf350390c4d1af
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Thymol nanoemulsion promoted broiler chicken’s growth, gastrointestinal barrier and bacterial community and conferred protection against Salmonella Typhimurium

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