Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.

<h4>Background</h4>Anticipating an initial shortage of vaccines for COVID-19, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the United States developed priority vaccine allocations for specific demographic groups in the population. This study evaluates the performance of the CDC vaccine alloc...

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Autores principales:	Md Rafiul Islam, Tamer Oraby, Audrey McCombs, Mohammad Mihrab Chowdhury, Mohammad Al-Mamun, Michael G Tyshenko, Claus Kadelka
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6d7199f4fb4b4187b11b21757709aecc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6d7199f4fb4b4187b11b21757709aecc2021-12-02T20:16:20ZEvaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259700https://doaj.org/article/6d7199f4fb4b4187b11b21757709aecc2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259700https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Anticipating an initial shortage of vaccines for COVID-19, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the United States developed priority vaccine allocations for specific demographic groups in the population. This study evaluates the performance of the CDC vaccine allocation strategy with respect to multiple potentially competing vaccination goals (minimizing mortality, cases, infections, and years of life lost (YLL)), under the same framework as the CDC allocation: four priority vaccination groups and population demographics stratified by age, comorbidities, occupation and living condition (congested or non-congested).<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We developed a compartmental disease model that incorporates key elements of the current pandemic including age-varying susceptibility to infection, age-varying clinical fraction, an active case-count dependent social distancing level, and time-varying infectivity (accounting for the emergence of more infectious virus strains). The CDC allocation strategy is compared to all other possibly optimal allocations that stagger vaccine roll-out in up to four phases (17.5 million strategies). The CDC allocation strategy performed well in all vaccination goals but never optimally. Under the developed model, the CDC allocation deviated from the optimal allocations by small amounts, with 0.19% more deaths, 4.0% more cases, 4.07% more infections, and 0.97% higher YLL, than the respective optimal strategies. The CDC decision to not prioritize the vaccination of individuals under the age of 16 was optimal, as was the prioritization of health-care workers and other essential workers over non-essential workers. Finally, a higher prioritization of individuals with comorbidities in all age groups improved outcomes compared to the CDC allocation.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The developed approach can be used to inform the design of future vaccine allocation strategies in the United States, or adapted for use by other countries seeking to optimize the effectiveness of their vaccine allocation strategies.Md Rafiul IslamTamer OrabyAudrey McCombsMohammad Mihrab ChowdhuryMohammad Al-MamunMichael G TyshenkoClaus KadelkaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0259700 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Md Rafiul Islam Tamer Oraby Audrey McCombs Mohammad Mihrab Chowdhury Mohammad Al-Mamun Michael G Tyshenko Claus Kadelka Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Anticipating an initial shortage of vaccines for COVID-19, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in the United States developed priority vaccine allocations for specific demographic groups in the population. This study evaluates the performance of the CDC vaccine allocation strategy with respect to multiple potentially competing vaccination goals (minimizing mortality, cases, infections, and years of life lost (YLL)), under the same framework as the CDC allocation: four priority vaccination groups and population demographics stratified by age, comorbidities, occupation and living condition (congested or non-congested).<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We developed a compartmental disease model that incorporates key elements of the current pandemic including age-varying susceptibility to infection, age-varying clinical fraction, an active case-count dependent social distancing level, and time-varying infectivity (accounting for the emergence of more infectious virus strains). The CDC allocation strategy is compared to all other possibly optimal allocations that stagger vaccine roll-out in up to four phases (17.5 million strategies). The CDC allocation strategy performed well in all vaccination goals but never optimally. Under the developed model, the CDC allocation deviated from the optimal allocations by small amounts, with 0.19% more deaths, 4.0% more cases, 4.07% more infections, and 0.97% higher YLL, than the respective optimal strategies. The CDC decision to not prioritize the vaccination of individuals under the age of 16 was optimal, as was the prioritization of health-care workers and other essential workers over non-essential workers. Finally, a higher prioritization of individuals with comorbidities in all age groups improved outcomes compared to the CDC allocation.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The developed approach can be used to inform the design of future vaccine allocation strategies in the United States, or adapted for use by other countries seeking to optimize the effectiveness of their vaccine allocation strategies.
format	article
author	Md Rafiul Islam Tamer Oraby Audrey McCombs Mohammad Mihrab Chowdhury Mohammad Al-Mamun Michael G Tyshenko Claus Kadelka
author_facet	Md Rafiul Islam Tamer Oraby Audrey McCombs Mohammad Mihrab Chowdhury Mohammad Al-Mamun Michael G Tyshenko Claus Kadelka
author_sort	Md Rafiul Islam
title	Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.
title_short	Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.
title_full	Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.
title_fullStr	Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.
title_sort	evaluation of the united states covid-19 vaccine allocation strategy.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6d7199f4fb4b4187b11b21757709aecc
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Evaluation of the United States COVID-19 vaccine allocation strategy.

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