The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review

Sepsis causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in NICUs. The estimated incidence varies between 5 and 170 per 1000 births, depending on the social context. In very low birth-weight neonates, the level of mortality increases with the duration of hospitalization, reaching 36% among infants aged 8...

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Autores principales:	Chiara Maddaloni, Domenico Umberto De Rose, Alessandra Santisi, Ludovica Martini, Stefano Caoci, Iliana Bersani, Maria Paola Ronchetti, Cinzia Auriti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	sepsis infants biomarkers neonate septic shock point-of-care Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6d78d5e4b64040ebab8c52e51e787aaf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6d78d5e4b64040ebab8c52e51e787aaf2021-11-25T17:53:53ZThe Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review10.3390/ijms2222121541422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/6d78d5e4b64040ebab8c52e51e787aaf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12154https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Sepsis causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in NICUs. The estimated incidence varies between 5 and 170 per 1000 births, depending on the social context. In very low birth-weight neonates, the level of mortality increases with the duration of hospitalization, reaching 36% among infants aged 8–14 days and 52% among infants aged 15–28 days. Early diagnosis is the only tool to improve the poor prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Blood culture, the gold standard for diagnosis, is time-consuming and poorly sensitive. C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, currently used as sepsis biomarkers, are influenced by several maternal and fetal pro-inflammatory conditions in the perinatal age. Presepsin is the N-terminal fragment of soluble CD14 subtype (sCD14-ST): it is released in the bloodstream by monocytes and macrophages, in response to bacterial invasion. Presepsin seems to be a new, promising biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis in neonates as it is not modified by perinatal confounding inflammatory factors. The aim of the present review is to collect current knowledge about the role of presepsin in critically ill neonates.Chiara MaddaloniDomenico Umberto De RoseAlessandra SantisiLudovica MartiniStefano CaociIliana BersaniMaria Paola RonchettiCinzia AuritiMDPI AGarticlesepsisinfantsbiomarkersneonateseptic shockpoint-of-careBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12154, p 12154 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sepsis infants biomarkers neonate septic shock point-of-care Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	sepsis infants biomarkers neonate septic shock point-of-care Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Chiara Maddaloni Domenico Umberto De Rose Alessandra Santisi Ludovica Martini Stefano Caoci Iliana Bersani Maria Paola Ronchetti Cinzia Auriti The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review
description	Sepsis causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in NICUs. The estimated incidence varies between 5 and 170 per 1000 births, depending on the social context. In very low birth-weight neonates, the level of mortality increases with the duration of hospitalization, reaching 36% among infants aged 8–14 days and 52% among infants aged 15–28 days. Early diagnosis is the only tool to improve the poor prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Blood culture, the gold standard for diagnosis, is time-consuming and poorly sensitive. C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, currently used as sepsis biomarkers, are influenced by several maternal and fetal pro-inflammatory conditions in the perinatal age. Presepsin is the N-terminal fragment of soluble CD14 subtype (sCD14-ST): it is released in the bloodstream by monocytes and macrophages, in response to bacterial invasion. Presepsin seems to be a new, promising biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis in neonates as it is not modified by perinatal confounding inflammatory factors. The aim of the present review is to collect current knowledge about the role of presepsin in critically ill neonates.
format	article
author	Chiara Maddaloni Domenico Umberto De Rose Alessandra Santisi Ludovica Martini Stefano Caoci Iliana Bersani Maria Paola Ronchetti Cinzia Auriti
author_facet	Chiara Maddaloni Domenico Umberto De Rose Alessandra Santisi Ludovica Martini Stefano Caoci Iliana Bersani Maria Paola Ronchetti Cinzia Auriti
author_sort	Chiara Maddaloni
title	The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review
title_short	The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review
title_full	The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review
title_fullStr	The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed	The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review
title_sort	emerging role of presepsin (p-sep) in the diagnosis of sepsis in the critically ill infant: a literature review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6d78d5e4b64040ebab8c52e51e787aaf
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The Emerging Role of Presepsin (P-SEP) in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in the Critically Ill Infant: A Literature Review

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