The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation

ABSTRACT Coxsackievirus typically infects humans via the gastrointestinal tract, which has a large number of microorganisms collectively referred to as the microbiota. To study how the intestinal microbiota influences enteric virus infection, several groups have used an antibiotic regimen in mice to...

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Autores principales:	Mikal A. Woods Acevedo, Andrea K. Erickson, Julie K. Pfeiffer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	antibiotics coxsackievirus microbiota neomycin reovirus Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6d8f231c492d4f3098f1303b34330b1f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6d8f231c492d4f3098f1303b34330b1f2021-11-15T15:22:04ZThe Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation10.1128/mSphere.00632-182379-5042https://doaj.org/article/6d8f231c492d4f3098f1303b34330b1f2019-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00632-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Coxsackievirus typically infects humans via the gastrointestinal tract, which has a large number of microorganisms collectively referred to as the microbiota. To study how the intestinal microbiota influences enteric virus infection, several groups have used an antibiotic regimen in mice to deplete bacteria. These studies have shown that bacteria promote infection with several enteric viruses. However, very little is known about whether antibiotics influence viruses in a microbiota-independent manner. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of antibiotics on coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) using an in vitro cell culture model in the absence of bacteria. We determined that an aminoglycoside antibiotic, neomycin, enhanced the plaque size of CVB3 strain Nancy. Neomycin treatment did not alter viral attachment, translation, or replication. However, we found that the positive charge of neomycin and other positively charged compounds enhanced viral diffusion by overcoming the negative inhibitory effect of sulfated polysaccharides present in agar overlays. Neomycin and the positively charged compound protamine also enhanced plaque formation of reovirus. Overall, these data provide further evidence that antibiotics can play noncanonical roles in viral infections and that this should be considered when studying enteric virus-microbiota interactions. IMPORTANCE Coxsackieviruses primarily infect the gastrointestinal tract of humans, but they can disseminate systemically and cause severe disease. Using antibiotic treatment regimens to deplete intestinal microbes in mice, several groups have shown the bacteria promote infection with a variety of enteric viruses. However, it is possible that antibiotics have microbiota-independent effects on viruses. Here we show that an aminoglycoside antibiotic, neomycin, can influence quantification of coxsackievirus in cultured cells in the absence of bacteria.Mikal A. Woods AcevedoAndrea K. EricksonJulie K. PfeifferAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleantibioticscoxsackievirusmicrobiotaneomycinreovirusMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 4, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antibiotics coxsackievirus microbiota neomycin reovirus Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	antibiotics coxsackievirus microbiota neomycin reovirus Microbiology QR1-502 Mikal A. Woods Acevedo Andrea K. Erickson Julie K. Pfeiffer The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation
description	ABSTRACT Coxsackievirus typically infects humans via the gastrointestinal tract, which has a large number of microorganisms collectively referred to as the microbiota. To study how the intestinal microbiota influences enteric virus infection, several groups have used an antibiotic regimen in mice to deplete bacteria. These studies have shown that bacteria promote infection with several enteric viruses. However, very little is known about whether antibiotics influence viruses in a microbiota-independent manner. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of antibiotics on coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) using an in vitro cell culture model in the absence of bacteria. We determined that an aminoglycoside antibiotic, neomycin, enhanced the plaque size of CVB3 strain Nancy. Neomycin treatment did not alter viral attachment, translation, or replication. However, we found that the positive charge of neomycin and other positively charged compounds enhanced viral diffusion by overcoming the negative inhibitory effect of sulfated polysaccharides present in agar overlays. Neomycin and the positively charged compound protamine also enhanced plaque formation of reovirus. Overall, these data provide further evidence that antibiotics can play noncanonical roles in viral infections and that this should be considered when studying enteric virus-microbiota interactions. IMPORTANCE Coxsackieviruses primarily infect the gastrointestinal tract of humans, but they can disseminate systemically and cause severe disease. Using antibiotic treatment regimens to deplete intestinal microbes in mice, several groups have shown the bacteria promote infection with a variety of enteric viruses. However, it is possible that antibiotics have microbiota-independent effects on viruses. Here we show that an aminoglycoside antibiotic, neomycin, can influence quantification of coxsackievirus in cultured cells in the absence of bacteria.
format	article
author	Mikal A. Woods Acevedo Andrea K. Erickson Julie K. Pfeiffer
author_facet	Mikal A. Woods Acevedo Andrea K. Erickson Julie K. Pfeiffer
author_sort	Mikal A. Woods Acevedo
title	The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation
title_short	The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation
title_full	The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation
title_fullStr	The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation
title_full_unstemmed	The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation
title_sort	antibiotic neomycin enhances coxsackievirus plaque formation
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/6d8f231c492d4f3098f1303b34330b1f
work_keys_str_mv	AT mikalawoodsacevedo theantibioticneomycinenhancescoxsackievirusplaqueformation AT andreakerickson theantibioticneomycinenhancescoxsackievirusplaqueformation AT juliekpfeiffer theantibioticneomycinenhancescoxsackievirusplaqueformation AT mikalawoodsacevedo antibioticneomycinenhancescoxsackievirusplaqueformation AT andreakerickson antibioticneomycinenhancescoxsackievirusplaqueformation AT juliekpfeiffer antibioticneomycinenhancescoxsackievirusplaqueformation
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The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation

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