Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network

Objectives Universities have turned to SARS-CoV-2 models to examine campus reopening strategies. While these studies have explored a variety of modeling techniques, none have used empirical data.Methods In this study, we use an empirical proximity network of college freshmen obtained using smartphon...

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Autores principales:	Hali L. Hambridge, Rebecca Kahn, Jukka-Pekka Onnela
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Repeat testing Copenhagen Network Study Proximity network Bluetooth Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6d9f974e6db94a2e9063879197ed9d60
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6d9f974e6db94a2e9063879197ed9d602021-11-16T04:09:12ZExamining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network1201-971210.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.008https://doaj.org/article/6d9f974e6db94a2e9063879197ed9d602021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971221007967https://doaj.org/toc/1201-9712Objectives Universities have turned to SARS-CoV-2 models to examine campus reopening strategies. While these studies have explored a variety of modeling techniques, none have used empirical data.Methods In this study, we use an empirical proximity network of college freshmen obtained using smartphone Bluetooth to simulate the spread of the virus. We investigate the role of immunization, testing, isolation, mask wearing, and social distancing in the presence of implementation challenges and imperfect compliance.Results We show that frequent testing could drastically reduce the spread of the virus if levels of immunity are low, but its effects are limited if immunity is more ubiquitous. Furthermore, moderate levels of mask wearing and social distancing could lead to additional reductions in cumulative incidence, but their benefit decreases rapidly as immunity and testing frequency increase. However, if immunity from vaccination is imperfect or declines over time, scenarios not studied here, frequent testing and other interventions may play more central roles.Conclusions Our findings suggest that although regular testing and isolation are powerful tools, they have limited benefit if immunity is high or other interventions are widely adopted. If universities can attain even moderate levels of vaccination, masking, and social distancing, they may be able to relax the frequency of testing to once every four weeks.Hali L. HambridgeRebecca KahnJukka-Pekka OnnelaElsevierarticleSARS-CoV-2COVID-19Repeat testingCopenhagen Network StudyProximity networkBluetoothInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 113, Iss , Pp 325-330 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Repeat testing Copenhagen Network Study Proximity network Bluetooth Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Repeat testing Copenhagen Network Study Proximity network Bluetooth Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Hali L. Hambridge Rebecca Kahn Jukka-Pekka Onnela Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network
description	Objectives Universities have turned to SARS-CoV-2 models to examine campus reopening strategies. While these studies have explored a variety of modeling techniques, none have used empirical data.Methods In this study, we use an empirical proximity network of college freshmen obtained using smartphone Bluetooth to simulate the spread of the virus. We investigate the role of immunization, testing, isolation, mask wearing, and social distancing in the presence of implementation challenges and imperfect compliance.Results We show that frequent testing could drastically reduce the spread of the virus if levels of immunity are low, but its effects are limited if immunity is more ubiquitous. Furthermore, moderate levels of mask wearing and social distancing could lead to additional reductions in cumulative incidence, but their benefit decreases rapidly as immunity and testing frequency increase. However, if immunity from vaccination is imperfect or declines over time, scenarios not studied here, frequent testing and other interventions may play more central roles.Conclusions Our findings suggest that although regular testing and isolation are powerful tools, they have limited benefit if immunity is high or other interventions are widely adopted. If universities can attain even moderate levels of vaccination, masking, and social distancing, they may be able to relax the frequency of testing to once every four weeks.
format	article
author	Hali L. Hambridge Rebecca Kahn Jukka-Pekka Onnela
author_facet	Hali L. Hambridge Rebecca Kahn Jukka-Pekka Onnela
author_sort	Hali L. Hambridge
title	Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network
title_short	Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network
title_full	Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network
title_fullStr	Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network
title_full_unstemmed	Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network
title_sort	examining sars-cov-2 interventions in residential colleges using an empirical network
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6d9f974e6db94a2e9063879197ed9d60
work_keys_str_mv	AT halilhambridge examiningsarscov2interventionsinresidentialcollegesusinganempiricalnetwork AT rebeccakahn examiningsarscov2interventionsinresidentialcollegesusinganempiricalnetwork AT jukkapekkaonnela examiningsarscov2interventionsinresidentialcollegesusinganempiricalnetwork
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Examining SARS-CoV-2 Interventions in Residential Colleges Using an Empirical Network

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