Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects

Peru’s coastal waters are characterized by significant environmental fluctuation due to periodic El Niño- La Niña- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. This variability results in ecosystem-wide food web changes which are reflected in the tissues of the Peruvian fur seal (Arctocephalus australis). St...

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Autores principales:	Mickie R. Edwards, Susana Cárdenas-Alayza, Michael J. Adkesson, Mya Daniels-Abdulahad, Amy C. Hirons
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Peruvian fur seal stable isotope ratio El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) δ13C and δ15N sea surface temperature anomalies SECLER Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6db21955915a463490d4f85120bb3a25
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6db21955915a463490d4f85120bb3a252021-11-15T04:35:57ZPeruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects2296-774510.3389/fmars.2021.651212https://doaj.org/article/6db21955915a463490d4f85120bb3a252021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.651212/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745Peru’s coastal waters are characterized by significant environmental fluctuation due to periodic El Niño- La Niña- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. This variability results in ecosystem-wide food web changes which are reflected in the tissues of the Peruvian fur seal (Arctocephalus australis). Stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in Peruvian fur seal vibrissae (whiskers) are used to infer temporal primary production and dietary variations in individuals. Sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) recordings from the Niño 1+2 Index region captured corresponding ENSO conditions. Fluctuations in δ15N values were correlated to SSTA records, indicating that ENSO conditions likely impact the diet of these apex predators over time. Anomalous warm phase temperatures corresponded to decreased δ15N values, whereas cold phase anomalous conditions corresponded to increased δ15N values, potentially from upwelled, nutrient-rich water. Vibrissae δ13C values revealed general stability from 2004 to 2012, a moderate decline during 2013 (La Niña conditions) followed by a period of increased values concurrent with the 2014–2016 El Niño event. Both δ13C and δ15N values were inversely correlated to each other during the strongest El Niño Southern Oscillation event on record (2014–2016), possibly indicating a decline in production leading to an increase in food web complexity. Lower δ13C and δ15N values were exhibited in female compared to male fur seal vibrissae. Findings suggest ENSO conditions influence resource availability, possibly eliciting changes in pinniped foraging behavior as well as food web of the endangered Peruvian fur seal.Mickie R. EdwardsSusana Cárdenas-AlayzaMichael J. AdkessonMya Daniels-AbdulahadAmy C. HironsFrontiers Media S.A.articlePeruvian fur sealstable isotope ratioEl Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)δ13C and δ15Nsea surface temperature anomaliesSECLERScienceQGeneral. Including nature conservation, geographical distributionQH1-199.5ENFrontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Peruvian fur seal stable isotope ratio El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) δ13C and δ15N sea surface temperature anomalies SECLER Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
spellingShingle	Peruvian fur seal stable isotope ratio El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) δ13C and δ15N sea surface temperature anomalies SECLER Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Mickie R. Edwards Susana Cárdenas-Alayza Michael J. Adkesson Mya Daniels-Abdulahad Amy C. Hirons Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects
description	Peru’s coastal waters are characterized by significant environmental fluctuation due to periodic El Niño- La Niña- Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. This variability results in ecosystem-wide food web changes which are reflected in the tissues of the Peruvian fur seal (Arctocephalus australis). Stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in Peruvian fur seal vibrissae (whiskers) are used to infer temporal primary production and dietary variations in individuals. Sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) recordings from the Niño 1+2 Index region captured corresponding ENSO conditions. Fluctuations in δ15N values were correlated to SSTA records, indicating that ENSO conditions likely impact the diet of these apex predators over time. Anomalous warm phase temperatures corresponded to decreased δ15N values, whereas cold phase anomalous conditions corresponded to increased δ15N values, potentially from upwelled, nutrient-rich water. Vibrissae δ13C values revealed general stability from 2004 to 2012, a moderate decline during 2013 (La Niña conditions) followed by a period of increased values concurrent with the 2014–2016 El Niño event. Both δ13C and δ15N values were inversely correlated to each other during the strongest El Niño Southern Oscillation event on record (2014–2016), possibly indicating a decline in production leading to an increase in food web complexity. Lower δ13C and δ15N values were exhibited in female compared to male fur seal vibrissae. Findings suggest ENSO conditions influence resource availability, possibly eliciting changes in pinniped foraging behavior as well as food web of the endangered Peruvian fur seal.
format	article
author	Mickie R. Edwards Susana Cárdenas-Alayza Michael J. Adkesson Mya Daniels-Abdulahad Amy C. Hirons
author_facet	Mickie R. Edwards Susana Cárdenas-Alayza Michael J. Adkesson Mya Daniels-Abdulahad Amy C. Hirons
author_sort	Mickie R. Edwards
title	Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects
title_short	Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects
title_full	Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects
title_fullStr	Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects
title_full_unstemmed	Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects
title_sort	peruvian fur seals as archivists of el niño southern oscillation effects
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6db21955915a463490d4f85120bb3a25
work_keys_str_mv	AT mickieredwards peruvianfursealsasarchivistsofelninosouthernoscillationeffects AT susanacardenasalayza peruvianfursealsasarchivistsofelninosouthernoscillationeffects AT michaeljadkesson peruvianfursealsasarchivistsofelninosouthernoscillationeffects AT myadanielsabdulahad peruvianfursealsasarchivistsofelninosouthernoscillationeffects AT amychirons peruvianfursealsasarchivistsofelninosouthernoscillationeffects
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Peruvian Fur Seals as Archivists of El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects

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