Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: According to Persian Medicine (PM), heart is one of the main organs that maintain the human health. This medical school has introduced several medicines to maintain the health of the heart or to treat its diseases, such as cardiotonic medicines (Mofarrehs). In this study, M...

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Autores principales:	SAR Kamaneh, M Mojahedi, O Mozafari, Z Memariani, M Saravani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN FA
Publicado:	Babol University of Medical Sciences 2019
Materias:	persian medicine traditional medicine mofarrehs mental disorders heart Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6db779401aa243ddacff978dca867736
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6db779401aa243ddacff978dca8677362021-11-10T08:30:37ZCardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine1561-41072251-7170https://doaj.org/article/6db779401aa243ddacff978dca8677362019-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jbums.org/article-1-8294-en.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/1561-4107https://doaj.org/toc/2251-7170BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: According to Persian Medicine (PM), heart is one of the main organs that maintain the human health. This medical school has introduced several medicines to maintain the health of the heart or to treat its diseases, such as cardiotonic medicines (Mofarrehs). In this study, Mofarrehs and their function are described from the perspective of PM. METHODS: In this simple review article, six books from the main sources of PM, including Al-Shamel, Kitab al-Adviyt ol Qalbiye, Qarabadin-e-Kabir, Advieh Ghalbieh, Canon of Medicine and Kholaseh-al-Hekamah were reviewed and Mofarrehs and their function were analyzed. Qualitative content analysis was also performed, and then articles related to the mechanism of action of these drugs were extracted and the name of each Mofarrehs was searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, and IranMedex databases. FINDINGS: Approximately, 30 commonly used Mofarrehs were identified and their characteristics including name, Persian and scientific names, temperament (Mizaj), origin and mode of effect on the heart were concluded and given as follows. In Persian medicine, some foods have been also regarded as Mofarrehs, and in this review, we discuss the mechanisms through which the tonic effects are exerted. Its antidepressant effects due to its antioxidant activity and inhibition of free radical has been proven in recent studies. CONCLUSION: Administration of Mofarrehs, could initiate the future clinical trials to develop a new and effective natural drugs in the treatment of cardiac and mental illnesses. However, its wide acceptance needs further investigation.SAR KamanehM MojahediO MozafariZ MemarianiM SaravaniBabol University of Medical Sciencesarticlepersian medicinetraditional medicinemofarrehsmental disordersheartMedicineRMedicine (General)R5-920ENFAMajallah-i Dānishgāh-i ̒Ulūm-i Pizishkī-i Bābul, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 320-330 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN FA
topic	persian medicine traditional medicine mofarrehs mental disorders heart Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	persian medicine traditional medicine mofarrehs mental disorders heart Medicine R Medicine (General) R5-920 SAR Kamaneh M Mojahedi O Mozafari Z Memariani M Saravani Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine
description	BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: According to Persian Medicine (PM), heart is one of the main organs that maintain the human health. This medical school has introduced several medicines to maintain the health of the heart or to treat its diseases, such as cardiotonic medicines (Mofarrehs). In this study, Mofarrehs and their function are described from the perspective of PM. METHODS: In this simple review article, six books from the main sources of PM, including Al-Shamel, Kitab al-Adviyt ol Qalbiye, Qarabadin-e-Kabir, Advieh Ghalbieh, Canon of Medicine and Kholaseh-al-Hekamah were reviewed and Mofarrehs and their function were analyzed. Qualitative content analysis was also performed, and then articles related to the mechanism of action of these drugs were extracted and the name of each Mofarrehs was searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, and IranMedex databases. FINDINGS: Approximately, 30 commonly used Mofarrehs were identified and their characteristics including name, Persian and scientific names, temperament (Mizaj), origin and mode of effect on the heart were concluded and given as follows. In Persian medicine, some foods have been also regarded as Mofarrehs, and in this review, we discuss the mechanisms through which the tonic effects are exerted. Its antidepressant effects due to its antioxidant activity and inhibition of free radical has been proven in recent studies. CONCLUSION: Administration of Mofarrehs, could initiate the future clinical trials to develop a new and effective natural drugs in the treatment of cardiac and mental illnesses. However, its wide acceptance needs further investigation.
format	article
author	SAR Kamaneh M Mojahedi O Mozafari Z Memariani M Saravani
author_facet	SAR Kamaneh M Mojahedi O Mozafari Z Memariani M Saravani
author_sort	SAR Kamaneh
title	Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine
title_short	Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine
title_full	Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine
title_fullStr	Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine
title_full_unstemmed	Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine
title_sort	cardiotonic medicines (mofarrehs) and their mechanism of action in persian medicine
publisher	Babol University of Medical Sciences
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/6db779401aa243ddacff978dca867736
work_keys_str_mv	AT sarkamaneh cardiotonicmedicinesmofarrehsandtheirmechanismofactioninpersianmedicine AT mmojahedi cardiotonicmedicinesmofarrehsandtheirmechanismofactioninpersianmedicine AT omozafari cardiotonicmedicinesmofarrehsandtheirmechanismofactioninpersianmedicine AT zmemariani cardiotonicmedicinesmofarrehsandtheirmechanismofactioninpersianmedicine AT msaravani cardiotonicmedicinesmofarrehsandtheirmechanismofactioninpersianmedicine
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Cardiotonic Medicines (Mofarrehs) and Their Mechanism of Action in Persian Medicine

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