What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19?
Due to its leading role in fighting infections, the human immune system has been the focus of many studies in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a worldwide effort, the scientific community has transitioned from reporting about the effects of the novel coronavirus on the human bo...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:6dbe570c39a44020b93b1c43b49fa0452021-11-25T18:10:43ZWhat Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19?10.3390/life111111522075-1729https://doaj.org/article/6dbe570c39a44020b93b1c43b49fa0452021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/11/1152https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729Due to its leading role in fighting infections, the human immune system has been the focus of many studies in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a worldwide effort, the scientific community has transitioned from reporting about the effects of the novel coronavirus on the human body in the early days of the pandemic to exploring the body’s many immunopathological and immunoprotecting properties that have improved disease treatment and enabled the development of vaccines. The aim of this review is to explain what happens to the immune system after recovery from COVID-19 and/or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease. We detail the way in which the immune system responds to a SARS-CoV-2 infection, including innate and adaptive measures. Then, we describe the role of vaccination, the main types of COVID-19 vaccines and how they protect us. Further, we explain the reason why immunity after COVID-19 infection plus a vaccination appears to induce a stronger response compared with virus exposure alone. Additionally, this review reports some correlates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, we reinforce that vaccination is safe and important in achieving herd immunity.Bruna T. TiyoGabriela J. H. SchmitzMarina M. OrtegaLaís T. da SilvaAlexandre de AlmeidaTelma M. OshiroAlberto J. da S. DuarteMDPI AGarticleCOVID-19cellular responsehumoral responsevaccinesrecovered patientstransmissionScienceQENLife, Vol 11, Iss 1152, p 1152 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
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COVID-19 cellular response humoral response vaccines recovered patients transmission Science Q |
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COVID-19 cellular response humoral response vaccines recovered patients transmission Science Q Bruna T. Tiyo Gabriela J. H. Schmitz Marina M. Ortega Laís T. da Silva Alexandre de Almeida Telma M. Oshiro Alberto J. da S. Duarte What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19? |
| description |
Due to its leading role in fighting infections, the human immune system has been the focus of many studies in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a worldwide effort, the scientific community has transitioned from reporting about the effects of the novel coronavirus on the human body in the early days of the pandemic to exploring the body’s many immunopathological and immunoprotecting properties that have improved disease treatment and enabled the development of vaccines. The aim of this review is to explain what happens to the immune system after recovery from COVID-19 and/or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease. We detail the way in which the immune system responds to a SARS-CoV-2 infection, including innate and adaptive measures. Then, we describe the role of vaccination, the main types of COVID-19 vaccines and how they protect us. Further, we explain the reason why immunity after COVID-19 infection plus a vaccination appears to induce a stronger response compared with virus exposure alone. Additionally, this review reports some correlates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, we reinforce that vaccination is safe and important in achieving herd immunity. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Bruna T. Tiyo Gabriela J. H. Schmitz Marina M. Ortega Laís T. da Silva Alexandre de Almeida Telma M. Oshiro Alberto J. da S. Duarte |
| author_facet |
Bruna T. Tiyo Gabriela J. H. Schmitz Marina M. Ortega Laís T. da Silva Alexandre de Almeida Telma M. Oshiro Alberto J. da S. Duarte |
| author_sort |
Bruna T. Tiyo |
| title |
What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19? |
| title_short |
What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19? |
| title_full |
What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19? |
| title_fullStr |
What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19? |
| title_full_unstemmed |
What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19? |
| title_sort |
what happens to the immune system after vaccination or recovery from covid-19? |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/6dbe570c39a44020b93b1c43b49fa045 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT brunattiyo whathappenstotheimmunesystemaftervaccinationorrecoveryfromcovid19 AT gabrielajhschmitz whathappenstotheimmunesystemaftervaccinationorrecoveryfromcovid19 AT marinamortega whathappenstotheimmunesystemaftervaccinationorrecoveryfromcovid19 AT laistdasilva whathappenstotheimmunesystemaftervaccinationorrecoveryfromcovid19 AT alexandredealmeida whathappenstotheimmunesystemaftervaccinationorrecoveryfromcovid19 AT telmamoshiro whathappenstotheimmunesystemaftervaccinationorrecoveryfromcovid19 AT albertojdasduarte whathappenstotheimmunesystemaftervaccinationorrecoveryfromcovid19 |
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