SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 2021
Abstract Background By August 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic has been less severe in sub-Saharan Africa than elsewhere. In Malawi, there have been three subsequent epidemic waves. We therefore aimed to describe the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawi. Methods We measured the seroprevalence of ant...
Guardado en:
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | article |
Lenguaje: | EN |
Publicado: |
BMC
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/6dc34a3e1a654cbb8c7df487c319c32b |
Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
id |
oai:doaj.org-article:6dc34a3e1a654cbb8c7df487c319c32b |
---|---|
record_format |
dspace |
spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:6dc34a3e1a654cbb8c7df487c319c32b2021-11-21T12:16:07ZSARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 202110.1186/s12916-021-02187-y1741-7015https://doaj.org/article/6dc34a3e1a654cbb8c7df487c319c32b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02187-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1741-7015Abstract Background By August 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic has been less severe in sub-Saharan Africa than elsewhere. In Malawi, there have been three subsequent epidemic waves. We therefore aimed to describe the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawi. Methods We measured the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies amongst randomly selected blood transfusion donor sera in Malawi from January 2020 to July 2021 using a cross-sectional study design. In a subset, we also assessed in vitro neutralisation against the original variant (D614G WT) and the Beta variant. Results A total of 5085 samples were selected from the blood donor database, of which 4075 (80.1%) were aged 20–49 years. Of the total, 1401 were seropositive. After adjustment for assay characteristics and applying population weights, seropositivity reached peaks in October 2020 (18.5%) and May 2021 (64.9%) reflecting the first two epidemic waves. Unlike the first wave, both urban and rural areas had high seropositivity in the second wave, Balaka (rural, 66.2%, April 2021), Blantyre (urban, 75.6%, May 2021), Lilongwe (urban, 78.0%, May 2021), and Mzuzu (urban, 74.6%, April 2021). Blantyre and Mzuzu also show indications of the start of a third pandemic wave with seroprevalence picking up again in July 2021 (Blantyre, 81.7%; Mzuzu, 71.0%). More first wave sera showed in vitro neutralisation activity against the original variant (78% [7/9]) than the beta variant (22% [2/9]), while more second wave sera showed neutralisation activity against the beta variant (75% [12/16]) than the original variant (63% [10/16]). Conclusion The findings confirm extensive SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawi over two epidemic waves with likely poor cross-protection to reinfection from the first on the second wave. The dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 exposure will therefore need to be taken into account in the formulation of the COVID-19 vaccination policy in Malawi and across the region. Future studies should use an adequate sample size for the assessment of neutralisation activity across a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern/interest to estimate community immunity.Jonathan MandoloJacquline MsefulaMarc Y. R. HenrionComfort BrownBrewster MoyoAubrey SamonThandeka Moyo-GweteZanele MakhadoFrances AyresThopisang MotlouNonkululeko MzindleNewton KalataAdamson S. MuulaGaurav KwatraNatasha NsamalaAndrew LikakaThom MfunePenny L. MooreBridon MbayaNeil FrenchRobert S. HeydermanTodd SwarthoutKondwani C. JamboBMCarticleSARS-CoV-2SeroprevalenceMalawiBlood donorsMedicineRENBMC Medicine, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021) |
institution |
DOAJ |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
EN |
topic |
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Malawi Blood donors Medicine R |
spellingShingle |
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Malawi Blood donors Medicine R Jonathan Mandolo Jacquline Msefula Marc Y. R. Henrion Comfort Brown Brewster Moyo Aubrey Samon Thandeka Moyo-Gwete Zanele Makhado Frances Ayres Thopisang Motlou Nonkululeko Mzindle Newton Kalata Adamson S. Muula Gaurav Kwatra Natasha Nsamala Andrew Likaka Thom Mfune Penny L. Moore Bridon Mbaya Neil French Robert S. Heyderman Todd Swarthout Kondwani C. Jambo SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 2021 |
description |
Abstract Background By August 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic has been less severe in sub-Saharan Africa than elsewhere. In Malawi, there have been three subsequent epidemic waves. We therefore aimed to describe the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawi. Methods We measured the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies amongst randomly selected blood transfusion donor sera in Malawi from January 2020 to July 2021 using a cross-sectional study design. In a subset, we also assessed in vitro neutralisation against the original variant (D614G WT) and the Beta variant. Results A total of 5085 samples were selected from the blood donor database, of which 4075 (80.1%) were aged 20–49 years. Of the total, 1401 were seropositive. After adjustment for assay characteristics and applying population weights, seropositivity reached peaks in October 2020 (18.5%) and May 2021 (64.9%) reflecting the first two epidemic waves. Unlike the first wave, both urban and rural areas had high seropositivity in the second wave, Balaka (rural, 66.2%, April 2021), Blantyre (urban, 75.6%, May 2021), Lilongwe (urban, 78.0%, May 2021), and Mzuzu (urban, 74.6%, April 2021). Blantyre and Mzuzu also show indications of the start of a third pandemic wave with seroprevalence picking up again in July 2021 (Blantyre, 81.7%; Mzuzu, 71.0%). More first wave sera showed in vitro neutralisation activity against the original variant (78% [7/9]) than the beta variant (22% [2/9]), while more second wave sera showed neutralisation activity against the beta variant (75% [12/16]) than the original variant (63% [10/16]). Conclusion The findings confirm extensive SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawi over two epidemic waves with likely poor cross-protection to reinfection from the first on the second wave. The dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 exposure will therefore need to be taken into account in the formulation of the COVID-19 vaccination policy in Malawi and across the region. Future studies should use an adequate sample size for the assessment of neutralisation activity across a panel of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern/interest to estimate community immunity. |
format |
article |
author |
Jonathan Mandolo Jacquline Msefula Marc Y. R. Henrion Comfort Brown Brewster Moyo Aubrey Samon Thandeka Moyo-Gwete Zanele Makhado Frances Ayres Thopisang Motlou Nonkululeko Mzindle Newton Kalata Adamson S. Muula Gaurav Kwatra Natasha Nsamala Andrew Likaka Thom Mfune Penny L. Moore Bridon Mbaya Neil French Robert S. Heyderman Todd Swarthout Kondwani C. Jambo |
author_facet |
Jonathan Mandolo Jacquline Msefula Marc Y. R. Henrion Comfort Brown Brewster Moyo Aubrey Samon Thandeka Moyo-Gwete Zanele Makhado Frances Ayres Thopisang Motlou Nonkululeko Mzindle Newton Kalata Adamson S. Muula Gaurav Kwatra Natasha Nsamala Andrew Likaka Thom Mfune Penny L. Moore Bridon Mbaya Neil French Robert S. Heyderman Todd Swarthout Kondwani C. Jambo |
author_sort |
Jonathan Mandolo |
title |
SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 2021 |
title_short |
SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 2021 |
title_full |
SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 2021 |
title_fullStr |
SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 2021 |
title_full_unstemmed |
SARS-CoV-2 exposure in Malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between January 2020 and July 2021 |
title_sort |
sars-cov-2 exposure in malawian blood donors: an analysis of seroprevalence and variant dynamics between january 2020 and july 2021 |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/6dc34a3e1a654cbb8c7df487c319c32b |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT jonathanmandolo sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT jacqulinemsefula sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT marcyrhenrion sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT comfortbrown sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT brewstermoyo sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT aubreysamon sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT thandekamoyogwete sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT zanelemakhado sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT francesayres sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT thopisangmotlou sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT nonkululekomzindle sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT newtonkalata sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT adamsonsmuula sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT gauravkwatra sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT natashansamala sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT andrewlikaka sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT thommfune sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT pennylmoore sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT bridonmbaya sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT neilfrench sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT robertsheyderman sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT toddswarthout sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 AT kondwanicjambo sarscov2exposureinmalawianblooddonorsananalysisofseroprevalenceandvariantdynamicsbetweenjanuary2020andjuly2021 |
_version_ |
1718419127781031936 |