Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals

Bycatch in marine fisheries is the leading source of human-caused mortality for marine mammals, has contributed to substantial declines of many marine mammal populations and species, and the extinction of at least one. Schemes for evaluating marine mammal bycatch largely rely on estimates of abundan...

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Autores principales:	Paul R. Wade, Kristy J. Long, Tessa B. Francis, André E. Punt, Philip S. Hammond, Dennis Heinemann, Jeffrey E. Moore, Randall R. Reeves, Maritza Sepúlveda, Genoa Sullaway, Guðjón Már Sigurðsson, Margaret C. Siple, Gísli A. Víkingsson, Rob Williams, Alexandre N. Zerbini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	bycatch management assessment marine mammal framework MMPA import rule Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6dd6a5c3a3104ba2aa3d2537202fba96
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6dd6a5c3a3104ba2aa3d2537202fba962021-11-17T11:01:04ZBest Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals2296-774510.3389/fmars.2021.757330https://doaj.org/article/6dd6a5c3a3104ba2aa3d2537202fba962021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.757330/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745Bycatch in marine fisheries is the leading source of human-caused mortality for marine mammals, has contributed to substantial declines of many marine mammal populations and species, and the extinction of at least one. Schemes for evaluating marine mammal bycatch largely rely on estimates of abundance and bycatch, which are needed for calculating biological reference points and for determining conservation status. However, obtaining these estimates is resource intensive and takes careful long-term planning. The need for assessments of marine mammal bycatch in fisheries is expected to increase worldwide due to the recently implemented Import Provisions of the United States Marine Mammal Protection Act. Managers and other stakeholders need reliable, standardized methods for collecting data to estimate abundance and bycatch rates. In some cases, managers will be starting with little or no data and no system in place to collect data. We outline a comprehensive framework for managing bycatch of marine mammals. We describe and provide guidance on (1) planning for an assessment of bycatch, (2) collecting appropriate data (e.g., abundance and bycatch estimates), (3) assessing bycatch and calculating reference points, and (4) using the results of the assessment to guide marine mammal bycatch reduction. We also provide a brief overview of available mitigation techniques to reduce marine mammal bycatch in various fisheries. This paper provides information for scientists and resource managers in the hope that it will lead to new or improved programs for assessing marine mammal bycatch, establishing best practices, and enhancing marine mammal conservation globally.Paul R. WadeKristy J. LongTessa B. FrancisTessa B. FrancisAndré E. PuntPhilip S. HammondDennis HeinemannJeffrey E. MooreRandall R. ReevesMaritza SepúlvedaGenoa SullawayGuðjón Már SigurðssonMargaret C. SipleMargaret C. SipleGísli A. VíkingssonRob WilliamsAlexandre N. ZerbiniAlexandre N. ZerbiniAlexandre N. ZerbiniFrontiers Media S.A.articlebycatchmanagementassessmentmarine mammalframeworkMMPA import ruleScienceQGeneral. Including nature conservation, geographical distributionQH1-199.5ENFrontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bycatch management assessment marine mammal framework MMPA import rule Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
spellingShingle	bycatch management assessment marine mammal framework MMPA import rule Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Paul R. Wade Kristy J. Long Tessa B. Francis Tessa B. Francis André E. Punt Philip S. Hammond Dennis Heinemann Jeffrey E. Moore Randall R. Reeves Maritza Sepúlveda Genoa Sullaway Guðjón Már Sigurðsson Margaret C. Siple Margaret C. Siple Gísli A. Víkingsson Rob Williams Alexandre N. Zerbini Alexandre N. Zerbini Alexandre N. Zerbini Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals
description	Bycatch in marine fisheries is the leading source of human-caused mortality for marine mammals, has contributed to substantial declines of many marine mammal populations and species, and the extinction of at least one. Schemes for evaluating marine mammal bycatch largely rely on estimates of abundance and bycatch, which are needed for calculating biological reference points and for determining conservation status. However, obtaining these estimates is resource intensive and takes careful long-term planning. The need for assessments of marine mammal bycatch in fisheries is expected to increase worldwide due to the recently implemented Import Provisions of the United States Marine Mammal Protection Act. Managers and other stakeholders need reliable, standardized methods for collecting data to estimate abundance and bycatch rates. In some cases, managers will be starting with little or no data and no system in place to collect data. We outline a comprehensive framework for managing bycatch of marine mammals. We describe and provide guidance on (1) planning for an assessment of bycatch, (2) collecting appropriate data (e.g., abundance and bycatch estimates), (3) assessing bycatch and calculating reference points, and (4) using the results of the assessment to guide marine mammal bycatch reduction. We also provide a brief overview of available mitigation techniques to reduce marine mammal bycatch in various fisheries. This paper provides information for scientists and resource managers in the hope that it will lead to new or improved programs for assessing marine mammal bycatch, establishing best practices, and enhancing marine mammal conservation globally.
format	article
author	Paul R. Wade Kristy J. Long Tessa B. Francis Tessa B. Francis André E. Punt Philip S. Hammond Dennis Heinemann Jeffrey E. Moore Randall R. Reeves Maritza Sepúlveda Genoa Sullaway Guðjón Már Sigurðsson Margaret C. Siple Margaret C. Siple Gísli A. Víkingsson Rob Williams Alexandre N. Zerbini Alexandre N. Zerbini Alexandre N. Zerbini
author_facet	Paul R. Wade Kristy J. Long Tessa B. Francis Tessa B. Francis André E. Punt Philip S. Hammond Dennis Heinemann Jeffrey E. Moore Randall R. Reeves Maritza Sepúlveda Genoa Sullaway Guðjón Már Sigurðsson Margaret C. Siple Margaret C. Siple Gísli A. Víkingsson Rob Williams Alexandre N. Zerbini Alexandre N. Zerbini Alexandre N. Zerbini
author_sort	Paul R. Wade
title	Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals
title_short	Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals
title_full	Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals
title_fullStr	Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals
title_full_unstemmed	Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals
title_sort	best practices for assessing and managing bycatch of marine mammals
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6dd6a5c3a3104ba2aa3d2537202fba96
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Best Practices for Assessing and Managing Bycatch of Marine Mammals

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