Vertically Aligned Binder-Free TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Arrays Doped with Fe, S and Fe-S for Li-ion Batteries
Vertically aligned Fe, S, and Fe-S doped anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays are prepared by an electrochemical anodization process using an organic electrolyte in which lactic acid is added as an additive. In the electrolyte, highly ordered TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube layer...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/6decf2190e9747b0804cea66065174ae |
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| Sumario: | Vertically aligned Fe, S, and Fe-S doped anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays are prepared by an electrochemical anodization process using an organic electrolyte in which lactic acid is added as an additive. In the electrolyte, highly ordered TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube layers with greater thickness of 12 μm, inner diameter of approx. 90 nm and outer diameter of approx. 170 nm are successfully obtained. Doping of Fe, S, and Fe-S via simple wet impregnation method substituted Ti and O sites with Fe and S, which leads to enhance the rate performance at high discharge C-rates. Discharge capacities of TiO<sub>2</sub> tubes increased from 0.13 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup>(bare) to 0.28 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup> for Fe-S doped TiO<sub>2</sub> at 0.5 C after 100 cycles with exceptional capacity retention of 85 % after 100 cycles. Owing to the enhancement of thermodynamic and kinetic properties by doping of Fe-S, Li-diffusion increased resulting in remarkable discharge capacities of 0.27 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup> and 0.16 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup> at 10 C, and 30 C, respectively. |
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