Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin

The capacity of microbiota to produce medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and related consequences for the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have never been reported before. We verified the impact of nutrition-related factors on fatty acid (FAs) production and found that caloric restriction decreased levels o...

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Autores principales:	András Gregor, Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier, Slave Trajanoski, Jürgen König, Kalina Duszka
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	medium-chain fatty acids gastrointestinal tract microbiota nutrition Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6e2eeae99cfa4e00a73527ca412466e7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6e2eeae99cfa4e00a73527ca412466e72021-11-25T18:34:19ZColonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin10.3390/nu131138072072-6643https://doaj.org/article/6e2eeae99cfa4e00a73527ca412466e72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3807https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643The capacity of microbiota to produce medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and related consequences for the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have never been reported before. We verified the impact of nutrition-related factors on fatty acid (FAs) production and found that caloric restriction decreased levels of most of MCFAs in the mouse cecum, whereas overnight fasting reduced the levels of acetate and butyrate but increased propionate and laurate. A diet high in soluble fibre boosted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and caproate whereas a high-cellulose diet did not have an effect or decreased the levels of some of the FAs. Rectal infusion of caprylate resulted in its rapid metabolism for energy production. Repeated 10-day MCFA infusion impacted epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) weight and lipid accumulation. Repeated infusion of caprylate rectally tended to increase the concentration of active ghrelin in mice plasma; however, this increase was not statistically significant. In Caco-2 cells, caprylate increased the expression of Fabp2, Pdk4, Tlr3, and Gpr40 genes as well as counteracted TNFα-triggered downregulation of Pparγ, Occludin, and Zonulin mRNA expression. In conclusion, we show that colonic MCFAs can be rapidly utilized as a source of energy or stored as a lipid supply. Further, locally produced caprylate may impact metabolism and inflammatory parameters in the colon.András GregorSandra Auernigg-HaselmaierSlave TrajanoskiJürgen KönigKalina DuszkaMDPI AGarticlemedium-chain fatty acidsgastrointestinal tractmicrobiotanutritionNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3807, p 3807 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	medium-chain fatty acids gastrointestinal tract microbiota nutrition Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	medium-chain fatty acids gastrointestinal tract microbiota nutrition Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 András Gregor Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier Slave Trajanoski Jürgen König Kalina Duszka Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin
description	The capacity of microbiota to produce medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and related consequences for the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have never been reported before. We verified the impact of nutrition-related factors on fatty acid (FAs) production and found that caloric restriction decreased levels of most of MCFAs in the mouse cecum, whereas overnight fasting reduced the levels of acetate and butyrate but increased propionate and laurate. A diet high in soluble fibre boosted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and caproate whereas a high-cellulose diet did not have an effect or decreased the levels of some of the FAs. Rectal infusion of caprylate resulted in its rapid metabolism for energy production. Repeated 10-day MCFA infusion impacted epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) weight and lipid accumulation. Repeated infusion of caprylate rectally tended to increase the concentration of active ghrelin in mice plasma; however, this increase was not statistically significant. In Caco-2 cells, caprylate increased the expression of Fabp2, Pdk4, Tlr3, and Gpr40 genes as well as counteracted TNFα-triggered downregulation of Pparγ, Occludin, and Zonulin mRNA expression. In conclusion, we show that colonic MCFAs can be rapidly utilized as a source of energy or stored as a lipid supply. Further, locally produced caprylate may impact metabolism and inflammatory parameters in the colon.
format	article
author	András Gregor Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier Slave Trajanoski Jürgen König Kalina Duszka
author_facet	András Gregor Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier Slave Trajanoski Jürgen König Kalina Duszka
author_sort	András Gregor
title	Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin
title_short	Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin
title_full	Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin
title_fullStr	Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin
title_full_unstemmed	Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin
title_sort	colonic medium-chain fatty acids act as a source of energy and for colon maintenance but are not utilized to acylate ghrelin
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6e2eeae99cfa4e00a73527ca412466e7
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Colonic Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Act as a Source of Energy and for Colon Maintenance but Are Not Utilized to Acylate Ghrelin

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