The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)

Dual vaccines (<i>n</i> = 6) against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were constructed, based on the BEFV glycoprotein (G) gene, with or without the BEFV matrix (M) protein gene, inserted into one of two different LSDV backbones, nLSDV∆SOD-UCT or nLSDVSODis-...

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Autores principales:	Nicola Douglass, Ruzaiq Omar, Henry Munyanduki, Akiko Suzuki, Warren de Moor, Paidamwoyo Mutowembwa, Alri Pretorius, Tshifhiwa Nefefe, Antoinette van Schalkwyk, Pravesh Kara, Livio Heath, Anna-Lise Williamson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	lumpy skin disease virus bovine ephemeral fever virus dual vaccine neutralization LSDV challenge Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6e30ae7e835143a696fdaaa4a2efe553
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6e30ae7e835143a696fdaaa4a2efe5532021-11-25T19:10:06ZThe Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)10.3390/vaccines91112152076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/6e30ae7e835143a696fdaaa4a2efe5532021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1215https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XDual vaccines (<i>n</i> = 6) against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were constructed, based on the BEFV glycoprotein (G) gene, with or without the BEFV matrix (M) protein gene, inserted into one of two different LSDV backbones, nLSDV∆SOD-UCT or nLSDVSODis-UCT. The inserted gene cassettes were confirmed by PCR; and BEFV protein was shown to be expressed by immunofluorescence. The candidate dual vaccines were initially tested in a rabbit model; neutralization assays using the South African BEFV vaccine (B-Phemeral) strain showed an African consensus G protein gene (Gb) to give superior neutralization compared to the Australian (Ga) gene. The two LSDV backbones expressing both Gb and M BEFV genes were tested in cattle and shown to elicit neutralizing responses to LSDV as well as BEFV after two inoculations 4 weeks apart. The vaccines were safe in cattle and all vaccinated animals were protected against virulent LSDV challenge, unlike a group of control naïve animals, which developed clinical LSD. Both neutralizing and T cell responses to LSDV were stimulated upon challenge. After two inoculations, all vaccinated animals produced BEFV neutralizing antibodies ≥ 1/20, which is considered protective for BEF.Nicola DouglassRuzaiq OmarHenry MunyandukiAkiko SuzukiWarren de MoorPaidamwoyo MutowembwaAlri PretoriusTshifhiwa NefefeAntoinette van SchalkwykPravesh KaraLivio HeathAnna-Lise WilliamsonMDPI AGarticlelumpy skin disease virusbovine ephemeral fever virusdual vaccineneutralizationLSDV challengeMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1215, p 1215 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lumpy skin disease virus bovine ephemeral fever virus dual vaccine neutralization LSDV challenge Medicine R
spellingShingle	lumpy skin disease virus bovine ephemeral fever virus dual vaccine neutralization LSDV challenge Medicine R Nicola Douglass Ruzaiq Omar Henry Munyanduki Akiko Suzuki Warren de Moor Paidamwoyo Mutowembwa Alri Pretorius Tshifhiwa Nefefe Antoinette van Schalkwyk Pravesh Kara Livio Heath Anna-Lise Williamson The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)
description	Dual vaccines (<i>n</i> = 6) against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were constructed, based on the BEFV glycoprotein (G) gene, with or without the BEFV matrix (M) protein gene, inserted into one of two different LSDV backbones, nLSDV∆SOD-UCT or nLSDVSODis-UCT. The inserted gene cassettes were confirmed by PCR; and BEFV protein was shown to be expressed by immunofluorescence. The candidate dual vaccines were initially tested in a rabbit model; neutralization assays using the South African BEFV vaccine (B-Phemeral) strain showed an African consensus G protein gene (Gb) to give superior neutralization compared to the Australian (Ga) gene. The two LSDV backbones expressing both Gb and M BEFV genes were tested in cattle and shown to elicit neutralizing responses to LSDV as well as BEFV after two inoculations 4 weeks apart. The vaccines were safe in cattle and all vaccinated animals were protected against virulent LSDV challenge, unlike a group of control naïve animals, which developed clinical LSD. Both neutralizing and T cell responses to LSDV were stimulated upon challenge. After two inoculations, all vaccinated animals produced BEFV neutralizing antibodies ≥ 1/20, which is considered protective for BEF.
format	article
author	Nicola Douglass Ruzaiq Omar Henry Munyanduki Akiko Suzuki Warren de Moor Paidamwoyo Mutowembwa Alri Pretorius Tshifhiwa Nefefe Antoinette van Schalkwyk Pravesh Kara Livio Heath Anna-Lise Williamson
author_facet	Nicola Douglass Ruzaiq Omar Henry Munyanduki Akiko Suzuki Warren de Moor Paidamwoyo Mutowembwa Alri Pretorius Tshifhiwa Nefefe Antoinette van Schalkwyk Pravesh Kara Livio Heath Anna-Lise Williamson
author_sort	Nicola Douglass
title	The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)
title_short	The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)
title_full	The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)
title_fullStr	The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)
title_full_unstemmed	The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)
title_sort	development of dual vaccines against lumpy skin disease (lsd) and bovine ephemeral fever (bef)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6e30ae7e835143a696fdaaa4a2efe553
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The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)

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