Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact

Speciation analysis is a key aspect of modern analytical chemistry, as the toxicity, environmental mobility, and bioavailability of elemental analytes are known to depend strongly on an element’s chemical species. Henceforth, great efforts have been made in recent years to develop methods that allow...

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Autores principales:	Mauricio Llaver, Emiliano F. Fiorentini, María N. Oviedo, Pamela Y. Quintas, Rodolfo G. Wuilloud
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	sample preparation green chemistry chromatography atomic spectrometry electrochemistry environmental samples Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6e6c584dbf2440ef96039ef3271f6438
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6e6c584dbf2440ef96039ef3271f64382021-11-25T17:51:26ZElemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact10.3390/ijerph1822121351660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/6e6c584dbf2440ef96039ef3271f64382021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/12135https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Speciation analysis is a key aspect of modern analytical chemistry, as the toxicity, environmental mobility, and bioavailability of elemental analytes are known to depend strongly on an element’s chemical species. Henceforth, great efforts have been made in recent years to develop methods that allow not only the determination of elements as a whole, but also each of its separate species. Environmental analytical chemistry has not ignored this trend, and this review aims to summarize the latest methods and techniques developed with this purpose. From the perspective of each relevant element and highlighting the importance of their speciation analysis, different sample treatment methods are introduced and described, with the spotlight on the use of modern nanomaterials and novel solvents in solid phase and liquid-liquid microextractions. In addition, an in-depth discussion of instrumental techniques aimed both at the separation and quantification of metal and metalloid species is presented, ranging from chromatographic separations to electro-chemical speciation analysis. Special emphasis is made throughout this work on the greenness of these developments, considering their alignment with the precepts of the Green Chemistry concept and critically reviewing their environmental impact.Mauricio LlaverEmiliano F. FiorentiniMaría N. OviedoPamela Y. QuintasRodolfo G. WuilloudMDPI AGarticlesample preparationgreen chemistrychromatographyatomic spectrometryelectrochemistryenvironmental samplesMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 12135, p 12135 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sample preparation green chemistry chromatography atomic spectrometry electrochemistry environmental samples Medicine R
spellingShingle	sample preparation green chemistry chromatography atomic spectrometry electrochemistry environmental samples Medicine R Mauricio Llaver Emiliano F. Fiorentini María N. Oviedo Pamela Y. Quintas Rodolfo G. Wuilloud Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact
description	Speciation analysis is a key aspect of modern analytical chemistry, as the toxicity, environmental mobility, and bioavailability of elemental analytes are known to depend strongly on an element’s chemical species. Henceforth, great efforts have been made in recent years to develop methods that allow not only the determination of elements as a whole, but also each of its separate species. Environmental analytical chemistry has not ignored this trend, and this review aims to summarize the latest methods and techniques developed with this purpose. From the perspective of each relevant element and highlighting the importance of their speciation analysis, different sample treatment methods are introduced and described, with the spotlight on the use of modern nanomaterials and novel solvents in solid phase and liquid-liquid microextractions. In addition, an in-depth discussion of instrumental techniques aimed both at the separation and quantification of metal and metalloid species is presented, ranging from chromatographic separations to electro-chemical speciation analysis. Special emphasis is made throughout this work on the greenness of these developments, considering their alignment with the precepts of the Green Chemistry concept and critically reviewing their environmental impact.
format	article
author	Mauricio Llaver Emiliano F. Fiorentini María N. Oviedo Pamela Y. Quintas Rodolfo G. Wuilloud
author_facet	Mauricio Llaver Emiliano F. Fiorentini María N. Oviedo Pamela Y. Quintas Rodolfo G. Wuilloud
author_sort	Mauricio Llaver
title	Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact
title_short	Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact
title_full	Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact
title_fullStr	Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact
title_full_unstemmed	Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact
title_sort	elemental speciation analysis in environmental studies: latest trends and ecological impact
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6e6c584dbf2440ef96039ef3271f6438
work_keys_str_mv	AT mauriciollaver elementalspeciationanalysisinenvironmentalstudieslatesttrendsandecologicalimpact AT emilianoffiorentini elementalspeciationanalysisinenvironmentalstudieslatesttrendsandecologicalimpact AT marianoviedo elementalspeciationanalysisinenvironmentalstudieslatesttrendsandecologicalimpact AT pamelayquintas elementalspeciationanalysisinenvironmentalstudieslatesttrendsandecologicalimpact AT rodolfogwuilloud elementalspeciationanalysisinenvironmentalstudieslatesttrendsandecologicalimpact
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Elemental Speciation Analysis in Environmental Studies: Latest Trends and Ecological Impact

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