A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case

Applying the Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC in Greece, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) share in gross final consumption (GFC) of energy should reach at least 18% by 2020. Subsequently, according to the Greek National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), the RES share in GFC of energy must reach at...

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Autores principales:	Dimitrios K. Alexopoulos, Anestis G. Anastasiadis, Georgios A. Vokas, Stavros D. Kaminaris, Constantinos S. Psomopoulos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Variable renewable energy sources Power plant mix Power system flexibility Storage technologies Demand response Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6e6c6446c77d48f09b0d0eeaf8a6b3ad
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6e6c6446c77d48f09b0d0eeaf8a6b3ad2021-11-18T04:49:59ZA review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case2352-484710.1016/j.egyr.2021.09.050https://doaj.org/article/6e6c6446c77d48f09b0d0eeaf8a6b3ad2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484721008568https://doaj.org/toc/2352-4847Applying the Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC in Greece, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) share in gross final consumption (GFC) of energy should reach at least 18% by 2020. Subsequently, according to the Greek National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), the RES share in GFC of energy must reach at least 35% by 2030 and the RES share in the GFC of electricity must reach at least 61%, respectively. Based on estimates it was found that installed capacity of at least 9 GW of Renewable Energy (RE) power plants is needed to achieve the above milestones. The installed capacity of variable RE (vRE) power plants (wind and photovoltaic power plants) in Greece during 2017–2030 is expected to be tripled. To achieve such high penetration of variable RES (vRES) in the power systems flexibility issues and needs inevitably arise. System operators seek to identify the most suitable flexibility options combination to meet the challenges posed by high penetration of vRES in the power systems. This paper reviews the different flexibility options (e.g. demand response, energy storage, power to X, supply side etc.) that exist and are tools for the transitioning into a flexible power system. In addition, twenty-three (23) different flexibility options are described and twelve (12) quantitative (numerical) and qualitative parameters are considered. For each of these parameters, data have been obtained from an extensive literature review. Focusing the Greek energy system as an example, all options and parameters are further analyzed presenting their technical characteristics, their economic, technical, and social barriers as well as their environmental impacts in order to assess which flexibility options are most suitable for the Greek power system for the optimization of RES penetration.Dimitrios K. AlexopoulosAnestis G. AnastasiadisGeorgios A. VokasStavros D. KaminarisConstantinos S. PsomopoulosElsevierarticleVariable renewable energy sourcesPower plant mixPower system flexibilityStorage technologiesDemand responseElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971ENEnergy Reports, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 33-50 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Variable renewable energy sources Power plant mix Power system flexibility Storage technologies Demand response Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971
spellingShingle	Variable renewable energy sources Power plant mix Power system flexibility Storage technologies Demand response Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Dimitrios K. Alexopoulos Anestis G. Anastasiadis Georgios A. Vokas Stavros D. Kaminaris Constantinos S. Psomopoulos A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case
description	Applying the Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC in Greece, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) share in gross final consumption (GFC) of energy should reach at least 18% by 2020. Subsequently, according to the Greek National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), the RES share in GFC of energy must reach at least 35% by 2030 and the RES share in the GFC of electricity must reach at least 61%, respectively. Based on estimates it was found that installed capacity of at least 9 GW of Renewable Energy (RE) power plants is needed to achieve the above milestones. The installed capacity of variable RE (vRE) power plants (wind and photovoltaic power plants) in Greece during 2017–2030 is expected to be tripled. To achieve such high penetration of variable RES (vRES) in the power systems flexibility issues and needs inevitably arise. System operators seek to identify the most suitable flexibility options combination to meet the challenges posed by high penetration of vRES in the power systems. This paper reviews the different flexibility options (e.g. demand response, energy storage, power to X, supply side etc.) that exist and are tools for the transitioning into a flexible power system. In addition, twenty-three (23) different flexibility options are described and twelve (12) quantitative (numerical) and qualitative parameters are considered. For each of these parameters, data have been obtained from an extensive literature review. Focusing the Greek energy system as an example, all options and parameters are further analyzed presenting their technical characteristics, their economic, technical, and social barriers as well as their environmental impacts in order to assess which flexibility options are most suitable for the Greek power system for the optimization of RES penetration.
format	article
author	Dimitrios K. Alexopoulos Anestis G. Anastasiadis Georgios A. Vokas Stavros D. Kaminaris Constantinos S. Psomopoulos
author_facet	Dimitrios K. Alexopoulos Anestis G. Anastasiadis Georgios A. Vokas Stavros D. Kaminaris Constantinos S. Psomopoulos
author_sort	Dimitrios K. Alexopoulos
title	A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case
title_short	A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case
title_full	A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case
title_fullStr	A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case
title_full_unstemmed	A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case
title_sort	review of flexibility options for high res penetration in power systems — focusing the greek case
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6e6c6446c77d48f09b0d0eeaf8a6b3ad
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A review of flexibility options for high RES penetration in power systems — Focusing the Greek case

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