Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management

Midday stem water potential (SWP) is rapidly becoming adopted as a standard tool for plant-based irrigation management in many woody perennial crops. A reference or “baseline” SWP has been used in some crops (almond, prune, grape, and walnut) to account for the climatic influence of air vapor pressu...

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Autores principales:	Ken Shackel, Alfonso Moriana, Giulia Marino, Mireia Corell, David Pérez-López, Maria Jose Martin-Palomo, Tiziano Caruso, Francesco Paolo Marra, Luis Martín Agüero Alcaras, Luke Milliron, Richard Rosecrance, Allan Fulton, Peter Searles
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	deficit irrigation Olea europaea stem water potential vapor pressure deficit baseline Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6e8cd29b9a724d91b025625c5785deab
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6e8cd29b9a724d91b025625c5785deab2021-12-01T09:06:22ZEstablishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.791711https://doaj.org/article/6e8cd29b9a724d91b025625c5785deab2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.791711/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XMidday stem water potential (SWP) is rapidly becoming adopted as a standard tool for plant-based irrigation management in many woody perennial crops. A reference or “baseline” SWP has been used in some crops (almond, prune, grape, and walnut) to account for the climatic influence of air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on SWP under non-limiting soil moisture conditions. The baseline can be determined empirically for field trees maintained under such non-limiting conditions, but such conditions are difficult to achieve for an entire season. We present the results of an alternative survey-based approach, using a large set of SWP and VPD data collected over multiple years, from irrigation experiments in olive orchards located in multiple countries [Spain, United States (California), Italy, and Argentina]. The relation of SWP to midday VPD across the entire data set was consistent with an upper limit SWP which declined with VPD, with the upper limit being similar to that found in Prunus. A best fit linear regression estimate for this upper limit (baseline) was found by selecting the maximum R2 and minimum probability for various upper fractions of the SWP/VPD relation. In addition to being surprisingly similar to the Prunus baseline, the olive baseline was also similar (within 0.1 MPa) to a recently published mechanistic olive soil-plant-atmosphere-continuum (SPAC) model for “super high density” orchard systems. Despite similarities in the baseline, the overall physiological range of SWP exhibited by olive extends to about −8 MPa, compared to about −4 MPa for economically producing almond. This may indicate that, despite species differences in physiological responses to low water availability (drought), there may be convergent adaptations/acclimations across species to high levels of water availability. Similar to its use in other crops, the olive baseline will enable more accurate and reproducible plant-based irrigation management for both full and deficit irrigation practices, and we present tentative SWP guidelines for this purpose.Ken ShackelAlfonso MorianaAlfonso MorianaGiulia MarinoMireia CorellMireia CorellDavid Pérez-LópezMaria Jose Martin-PalomoMaria Jose Martin-PalomoTiziano CarusoFrancesco Paolo MarraLuis Martín Agüero AlcarasLuke MillironRichard RosecranceAllan FultonPeter SearlesFrontiers Media S.A.articledeficit irrigationOlea europaeastem water potentialvapor pressure deficitbaselinePlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	deficit irrigation Olea europaea stem water potential vapor pressure deficit baseline Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	deficit irrigation Olea europaea stem water potential vapor pressure deficit baseline Plant culture SB1-1110 Ken Shackel Alfonso Moriana Alfonso Moriana Giulia Marino Mireia Corell Mireia Corell David Pérez-López Maria Jose Martin-Palomo Maria Jose Martin-Palomo Tiziano Caruso Francesco Paolo Marra Luis Martín Agüero Alcaras Luke Milliron Richard Rosecrance Allan Fulton Peter Searles Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management
description	Midday stem water potential (SWP) is rapidly becoming adopted as a standard tool for plant-based irrigation management in many woody perennial crops. A reference or “baseline” SWP has been used in some crops (almond, prune, grape, and walnut) to account for the climatic influence of air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on SWP under non-limiting soil moisture conditions. The baseline can be determined empirically for field trees maintained under such non-limiting conditions, but such conditions are difficult to achieve for an entire season. We present the results of an alternative survey-based approach, using a large set of SWP and VPD data collected over multiple years, from irrigation experiments in olive orchards located in multiple countries [Spain, United States (California), Italy, and Argentina]. The relation of SWP to midday VPD across the entire data set was consistent with an upper limit SWP which declined with VPD, with the upper limit being similar to that found in Prunus. A best fit linear regression estimate for this upper limit (baseline) was found by selecting the maximum R2 and minimum probability for various upper fractions of the SWP/VPD relation. In addition to being surprisingly similar to the Prunus baseline, the olive baseline was also similar (within 0.1 MPa) to a recently published mechanistic olive soil-plant-atmosphere-continuum (SPAC) model for “super high density” orchard systems. Despite similarities in the baseline, the overall physiological range of SWP exhibited by olive extends to about −8 MPa, compared to about −4 MPa for economically producing almond. This may indicate that, despite species differences in physiological responses to low water availability (drought), there may be convergent adaptations/acclimations across species to high levels of water availability. Similar to its use in other crops, the olive baseline will enable more accurate and reproducible plant-based irrigation management for both full and deficit irrigation practices, and we present tentative SWP guidelines for this purpose.
format	article
author	Ken Shackel Alfonso Moriana Alfonso Moriana Giulia Marino Mireia Corell Mireia Corell David Pérez-López Maria Jose Martin-Palomo Maria Jose Martin-Palomo Tiziano Caruso Francesco Paolo Marra Luis Martín Agüero Alcaras Luke Milliron Richard Rosecrance Allan Fulton Peter Searles
author_facet	Ken Shackel Alfonso Moriana Alfonso Moriana Giulia Marino Mireia Corell Mireia Corell David Pérez-López Maria Jose Martin-Palomo Maria Jose Martin-Palomo Tiziano Caruso Francesco Paolo Marra Luis Martín Agüero Alcaras Luke Milliron Richard Rosecrance Allan Fulton Peter Searles
author_sort	Ken Shackel
title	Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management
title_short	Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management
title_full	Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management
title_fullStr	Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management
title_full_unstemmed	Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management
title_sort	establishing a reference baseline for midday stem water potential in olive and its use for plant-based irrigation management
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6e8cd29b9a724d91b025625c5785deab
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Establishing a Reference Baseline for Midday Stem Water Potential in Olive and Its Use for Plant-Based Irrigation Management

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