Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children

Abstract Prematurity, size at birth, and postnatal growth are important factors that determine cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes later in life. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the size at birth and growth velocity after birth with cardiometabolic...

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Autores principales:	Yoo Jinie Kim, Seung Han Shin, Eun Sun Lee, Young Hwa Jung, Young Ah Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Ee-Kyung Kim, Han-Suk Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6e98c979aa764f3fb968f2ba3aa0632f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6e98c979aa764f3fb968f2ba3aa0632f2021-12-02T16:35:56ZImpact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children10.1038/s41598-021-86292-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6e98c979aa764f3fb968f2ba3aa0632f2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86292-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Prematurity, size at birth, and postnatal growth are important factors that determine cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes later in life. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the size at birth and growth velocity after birth with cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. Fifty-six preterm infants born at < 32 weeks of gestation or having a birth weight of < 1500 g were enrolled and categorized into small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) groups. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters were assessed at school-age, and the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth edition (K-WISC-IV) was used for assessing the intellectual abilities. The growth velocity was calculated by changes in the weight z-score at each time period. Multivariate analysis was conducted to investigate the associations of growth velocity at different periods with cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Forty-two (75%) were classified as AGA and 25% as SGA. At school-age, despite the SGA children showing significantly lower body weight, lean mass index, and body mass index, there were no differences in the cardiometabolic parameters between SGA and AGA groups. After adjusting for gestational age, birth weight z-score, weight z-score change from birth to discharge and sex, change in weight z-score beyond 12 months were associated with a higher systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and insulin resistance. Full-scale intelligent quotient (β = 0.314, p = 0.036) and perceptional reasoning index (β = 0.456, p = 0.003) of K-WISC-IV were positively correlated with postnatal weight gain in the neonatal intensive care unit. Although cardiometabolic outcomes were comparable in preterm SGA and AGA infants, the growth velocity at different time periods resulted in different cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcomes. Thus, ensuring an optimal growth velocity at early neonatal period could promote good neurocognitive outcomes, while adequate growth after 1 year could prevent adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in preterm infants.Yoo Jinie KimSeung Han ShinEun Sun LeeYoung Hwa JungYoung Ah LeeChoong Ho ShinEe-Kyung KimHan-Suk KimNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yoo Jinie Kim Seung Han Shin Eun Sun Lee Young Hwa Jung Young Ah Lee Choong Ho Shin Ee-Kyung Kim Han-Suk Kim Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children
description	Abstract Prematurity, size at birth, and postnatal growth are important factors that determine cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes later in life. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the size at birth and growth velocity after birth with cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. Fifty-six preterm infants born at < 32 weeks of gestation or having a birth weight of < 1500 g were enrolled and categorized into small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) groups. Anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters were assessed at school-age, and the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth edition (K-WISC-IV) was used for assessing the intellectual abilities. The growth velocity was calculated by changes in the weight z-score at each time period. Multivariate analysis was conducted to investigate the associations of growth velocity at different periods with cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Forty-two (75%) were classified as AGA and 25% as SGA. At school-age, despite the SGA children showing significantly lower body weight, lean mass index, and body mass index, there were no differences in the cardiometabolic parameters between SGA and AGA groups. After adjusting for gestational age, birth weight z-score, weight z-score change from birth to discharge and sex, change in weight z-score beyond 12 months were associated with a higher systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and insulin resistance. Full-scale intelligent quotient (β = 0.314, p = 0.036) and perceptional reasoning index (β = 0.456, p = 0.003) of K-WISC-IV were positively correlated with postnatal weight gain in the neonatal intensive care unit. Although cardiometabolic outcomes were comparable in preterm SGA and AGA infants, the growth velocity at different time periods resulted in different cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcomes. Thus, ensuring an optimal growth velocity at early neonatal period could promote good neurocognitive outcomes, while adequate growth after 1 year could prevent adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in preterm infants.
format	article
author	Yoo Jinie Kim Seung Han Shin Eun Sun Lee Young Hwa Jung Young Ah Lee Choong Ho Shin Ee-Kyung Kim Han-Suk Kim
author_facet	Yoo Jinie Kim Seung Han Shin Eun Sun Lee Young Hwa Jung Young Ah Lee Choong Ho Shin Ee-Kyung Kim Han-Suk Kim
author_sort	Yoo Jinie Kim
title	Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children
title_short	Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children
title_full	Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children
title_fullStr	Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children
title_sort	impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6e98c979aa764f3fb968f2ba3aa0632f
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Impact of size at birth and postnatal growth on metabolic and neurocognitive outcomes in prematurely born school-age children

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