Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets

Abstract Early-life gut microbial colonisation is known to influence host physiology and development, shaping its phenotype. The developing gastro-intestinal tract of neonatal piglets provides a “window of opportunity” for programming their intestinal microbiota composition and corresponding intesti...

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Autores principales:	R. Choudhury, A. Middelkoop, J. G. de Souza, L. A. van Veen, W. J. J. Gerrits, B. Kemp, J. E. Bolhuis, M. Kleerebezem
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6eafa6e11ec440f381876f8ee297eb6d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6eafa6e11ec440f381876f8ee297eb6d2021-12-02T12:11:06ZImpact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets10.1038/s41598-021-83756-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6eafa6e11ec440f381876f8ee297eb6d2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83756-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Early-life gut microbial colonisation is known to influence host physiology and development, shaping its phenotype. The developing gastro-intestinal tract of neonatal piglets provides a “window of opportunity” for programming their intestinal microbiota composition and corresponding intestinal development. Here, we investigated the impact of early feeding on jejunum and colon microbiota composition, and intestinal maturation in suckling piglets. From two days of age, early-fed (EF; n = 6 litters) piglets had access to solid feed containing a mixture of fibres till weaning (day29) in addition to sow’s milk, whereas the control (CON; n = 6 litters) piglets exclusively fed on sow’s milk. Early feeding elicited a significant impact on the colon microbiota, whereas no such effect was seen in the jejunal and ileal microbiota. Quantified eating behavioural scores could significantly explain the variation in microbiota composition of EF piglets and support their classification into good, moderate, and bad eaters. Members of the Lachnospiraceae family, and the genera Eubacterium, Prevotella, and Ruminococcus were quantitatively associated with eating scores. EF piglets were found to have a decreased pH in caecum and colon, which coincided with increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations. Moreover, they also had increased weights and lengths of several intestinal tract segments, as well as a decreased villus-crypt ratio in jejunal mucosa and an increased abundance of proliferative cells in colon mucosa. The approaches in this study indicate that early feeding of a mixed-fibre (pre-weaning) diet changes the microbiota composition, pH, and fermentation products in the distal gut of piglets, while it also alters both macroscopic and microscopic intestinal measurements. These results exemplify the potential of early feeding to modulate intestinal development in young piglets.R. ChoudhuryA. MiddelkoopJ. G. de SouzaL. A. van VeenW. J. J. GerritsB. KempJ. E. BolhuisM. KleerebezemNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q R. Choudhury A. Middelkoop J. G. de Souza L. A. van Veen W. J. J. Gerrits B. Kemp J. E. Bolhuis M. Kleerebezem Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets
description	Abstract Early-life gut microbial colonisation is known to influence host physiology and development, shaping its phenotype. The developing gastro-intestinal tract of neonatal piglets provides a “window of opportunity” for programming their intestinal microbiota composition and corresponding intestinal development. Here, we investigated the impact of early feeding on jejunum and colon microbiota composition, and intestinal maturation in suckling piglets. From two days of age, early-fed (EF; n = 6 litters) piglets had access to solid feed containing a mixture of fibres till weaning (day29) in addition to sow’s milk, whereas the control (CON; n = 6 litters) piglets exclusively fed on sow’s milk. Early feeding elicited a significant impact on the colon microbiota, whereas no such effect was seen in the jejunal and ileal microbiota. Quantified eating behavioural scores could significantly explain the variation in microbiota composition of EF piglets and support their classification into good, moderate, and bad eaters. Members of the Lachnospiraceae family, and the genera Eubacterium, Prevotella, and Ruminococcus were quantitatively associated with eating scores. EF piglets were found to have a decreased pH in caecum and colon, which coincided with increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations. Moreover, they also had increased weights and lengths of several intestinal tract segments, as well as a decreased villus-crypt ratio in jejunal mucosa and an increased abundance of proliferative cells in colon mucosa. The approaches in this study indicate that early feeding of a mixed-fibre (pre-weaning) diet changes the microbiota composition, pH, and fermentation products in the distal gut of piglets, while it also alters both macroscopic and microscopic intestinal measurements. These results exemplify the potential of early feeding to modulate intestinal development in young piglets.
format	article
author	R. Choudhury A. Middelkoop J. G. de Souza L. A. van Veen W. J. J. Gerrits B. Kemp J. E. Bolhuis M. Kleerebezem
author_facet	R. Choudhury A. Middelkoop J. G. de Souza L. A. van Veen W. J. J. Gerrits B. Kemp J. E. Bolhuis M. Kleerebezem
author_sort	R. Choudhury
title	Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets
title_short	Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets
title_full	Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets
title_fullStr	Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets
title_sort	impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6eafa6e11ec440f381876f8ee297eb6d
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Impact of early-life feeding on local intestinal microbiota and digestive system development in piglets

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