Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles between 30 and 150 nm that serve as essential messengers for different biological signaling and pathological processes. After their discovery, a wide range of applications have been developed, especially in therapeutic drug delivery. In this context, the aim o...

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Autores principales:	Belén Rodríguez-Morales, Marilena Antunes-Ricardo, José González-Valdez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	exosomes insulin delivery HepG2 HDFa RIN-m Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6ef02fcf00914152942c51d84846f229
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6ef02fcf00914152942c51d84846f2292021-11-25T18:41:19ZExosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus10.3390/pharmaceutics131118701999-4923https://doaj.org/article/6ef02fcf00914152942c51d84846f2292021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/11/1870https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4923Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles between 30 and 150 nm that serve as essential messengers for different biological signaling and pathological processes. After their discovery, a wide range of applications have been developed, especially in therapeutic drug delivery. In this context, the aim of this work was to test the efficiency of exosome-mediated human insulin delivery using exosomes extracted from three different cell lines: hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2); primary dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) and pancreatic β cells (RIN-m); all are related to the production and/or the ability to sense insulin and to consequently regulate glucose levels in the extracellular medium. The obtained results revealed that the optimal insulin loading efficiency was achieved by a 200 V electroporation, in comparison with incubation at room temperature. Moreover, the maximum in vitro exosome uptake was reached after incubation for 6 h, which slightly decreased 24 h after adding the exosomes. Glucose quantification assays revealed that exosome-mediated incorporation of insulin presented significant differences in HDFa and HepG2 cells, enhancing the transport in HDFa, in comparison with free human insulin effects in the regulation of extracellular glucose levels. No significant differences were found between the treatments in RIN-m cells. Hence, the results suggest that exosomes could potentially become a valuable tool for stable and biocompatible insulin delivery in diabetes mellitus treatment alternatives.Belén Rodríguez-MoralesMarilena Antunes-RicardoJosé González-ValdezMDPI AGarticleexosomesinsulin deliveryHepG2HDFaRIN-mPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceutics, Vol 13, Iss 1870, p 1870 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	exosomes insulin delivery HepG2 HDFa RIN-m Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	exosomes insulin delivery HepG2 HDFa RIN-m Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Belén Rodríguez-Morales Marilena Antunes-Ricardo José González-Valdez Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
description	Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles between 30 and 150 nm that serve as essential messengers for different biological signaling and pathological processes. After their discovery, a wide range of applications have been developed, especially in therapeutic drug delivery. In this context, the aim of this work was to test the efficiency of exosome-mediated human insulin delivery using exosomes extracted from three different cell lines: hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2); primary dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) and pancreatic β cells (RIN-m); all are related to the production and/or the ability to sense insulin and to consequently regulate glucose levels in the extracellular medium. The obtained results revealed that the optimal insulin loading efficiency was achieved by a 200 V electroporation, in comparison with incubation at room temperature. Moreover, the maximum in vitro exosome uptake was reached after incubation for 6 h, which slightly decreased 24 h after adding the exosomes. Glucose quantification assays revealed that exosome-mediated incorporation of insulin presented significant differences in HDFa and HepG2 cells, enhancing the transport in HDFa, in comparison with free human insulin effects in the regulation of extracellular glucose levels. No significant differences were found between the treatments in RIN-m cells. Hence, the results suggest that exosomes could potentially become a valuable tool for stable and biocompatible insulin delivery in diabetes mellitus treatment alternatives.
format	article
author	Belén Rodríguez-Morales Marilena Antunes-Ricardo José González-Valdez
author_facet	Belén Rodríguez-Morales Marilena Antunes-Ricardo José González-Valdez
author_sort	Belén Rodríguez-Morales
title	Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
title_short	Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
title_full	Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
title_fullStr	Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
title_full_unstemmed	Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
title_sort	exosome-mediated insulin delivery for the potential treatment of diabetes mellitus
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6ef02fcf00914152942c51d84846f229
work_keys_str_mv	AT belenrodriguezmorales exosomemediatedinsulindeliveryforthepotentialtreatmentofdiabetesmellitus AT marilenaantunesricardo exosomemediatedinsulindeliveryforthepotentialtreatmentofdiabetesmellitus AT josegonzalezvaldez exosomemediatedinsulindeliveryforthepotentialtreatmentofdiabetesmellitus
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Exosome-Mediated Insulin Delivery for the Potential Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

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