Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment

Abstract There are individual differences in health outcomes following exposure to childhood maltreatment, yet constant individual variance is often assumed in analyses. Among 286 Black, South African women, the association between childhood maltreatment and neurocognitive health, defined here as ne...

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Autores principales:	Christy A. Denckla, Sun Yeop Lee, Rockli Kim, Georgina Spies, Jennifer J. Vasterling, S. V. Subramanian, Soraya Seedat
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6f1e669ed13d473990d8570d50045291
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6f1e669ed13d473990d8570d500452912021-12-02T11:45:03ZPatterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment10.1038/s41598-021-85979-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6f1e669ed13d473990d8570d500452912021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85979-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract There are individual differences in health outcomes following exposure to childhood maltreatment, yet constant individual variance is often assumed in analyses. Among 286 Black, South African women, the association between childhood maltreatment and neurocognitive health, defined here as neurocognitive performance (NP), was first estimated assuming constant variance. Then, without assuming constant variance, we applied Goldstein’s method (Encyclopedia of statistics in behavioral science, Wiley, 2005) to model “complex level-1 variation” in NP as a function of childhood maltreatment. Mean performance in some tests of information processing speed (Digit-symbol, Stroop Word, and Stroop Color) lowered with increasing severity of childhood maltreatment, without evidence of significant individual variation. Conversely, we found significant individual variation by severity of childhood maltreatment in tests of information processing speed (Trail Making Test) and executive function (Color Trails 2 and Stroop Color-Word), in the absence of mean differences. Exploratory results suggest that the presence of individual-level heterogeneity in neurocognitive performance among women exposed to childhood maltreatment warrants further exploration. The methods presented here may be used in a person-centered framework to better understand vulnerability to the toxic neurocognitive effects of childhood maltreatment at the individual level, ultimately informing personalized prevention and treatment.Christy A. DencklaSun Yeop LeeRockli KimGeorgina SpiesJennifer J. VasterlingS. V. SubramanianSoraya SeedatNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christy A. Denckla Sun Yeop Lee Rockli Kim Georgina Spies Jennifer J. Vasterling S. V. Subramanian Soraya Seedat Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment
description	Abstract There are individual differences in health outcomes following exposure to childhood maltreatment, yet constant individual variance is often assumed in analyses. Among 286 Black, South African women, the association between childhood maltreatment and neurocognitive health, defined here as neurocognitive performance (NP), was first estimated assuming constant variance. Then, without assuming constant variance, we applied Goldstein’s method (Encyclopedia of statistics in behavioral science, Wiley, 2005) to model “complex level-1 variation” in NP as a function of childhood maltreatment. Mean performance in some tests of information processing speed (Digit-symbol, Stroop Word, and Stroop Color) lowered with increasing severity of childhood maltreatment, without evidence of significant individual variation. Conversely, we found significant individual variation by severity of childhood maltreatment in tests of information processing speed (Trail Making Test) and executive function (Color Trails 2 and Stroop Color-Word), in the absence of mean differences. Exploratory results suggest that the presence of individual-level heterogeneity in neurocognitive performance among women exposed to childhood maltreatment warrants further exploration. The methods presented here may be used in a person-centered framework to better understand vulnerability to the toxic neurocognitive effects of childhood maltreatment at the individual level, ultimately informing personalized prevention and treatment.
format	article
author	Christy A. Denckla Sun Yeop Lee Rockli Kim Georgina Spies Jennifer J. Vasterling S. V. Subramanian Soraya Seedat
author_facet	Christy A. Denckla Sun Yeop Lee Rockli Kim Georgina Spies Jennifer J. Vasterling S. V. Subramanian Soraya Seedat
author_sort	Christy A. Denckla
title	Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment
title_short	Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment
title_full	Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment
title_fullStr	Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment
title_full_unstemmed	Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment
title_sort	patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among south african women exposed to childhood maltreatment
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6f1e669ed13d473990d8570d50045291
work_keys_str_mv	AT christyadenckla patterningofindividualvariabilityinneurocognitivehealthamongsouthafricanwomenexposedtochildhoodmaltreatment AT sunyeoplee patterningofindividualvariabilityinneurocognitivehealthamongsouthafricanwomenexposedtochildhoodmaltreatment AT rocklikim patterningofindividualvariabilityinneurocognitivehealthamongsouthafricanwomenexposedtochildhoodmaltreatment AT georginaspies patterningofindividualvariabilityinneurocognitivehealthamongsouthafricanwomenexposedtochildhoodmaltreatment AT jenniferjvasterling patterningofindividualvariabilityinneurocognitivehealthamongsouthafricanwomenexposedtochildhoodmaltreatment AT svsubramanian patterningofindividualvariabilityinneurocognitivehealthamongsouthafricanwomenexposedtochildhoodmaltreatment AT sorayaseedat patterningofindividualvariabilityinneurocognitivehealthamongsouthafricanwomenexposedtochildhoodmaltreatment
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Patterning of individual variability in neurocognitive health among South African women exposed to childhood maltreatment

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