Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops

Peatlands are especially important but fragile tropical landscapes. The importance of peatlands is owing to their ability to 1) sequester a considerable amount of terrestrial carbon, 2) store freshwater, and 3) regulate floods during the rainy season. Nowadays, extensive peatland degradation occurs...

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Autores principales:	Suria Tarigan, Neviaty P. Zamani, Damayanti Buchori, Rilus Kinseng, Yuli Suharnoto, Iskandar Z. Siregar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	carbon loss monoculture crop hydrological ecosystem services paludiculture fluvial carbon lost Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6f299fbe8bd34daf9dafae8043c21bd7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6f299fbe8bd34daf9dafae8043c21bd72021-12-01T13:31:48ZPeatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops2296-665X10.3389/fenvs.2021.749279https://doaj.org/article/6f299fbe8bd34daf9dafae8043c21bd72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2021.749279/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-665XPeatlands are especially important but fragile tropical landscapes. The importance of peatlands is owing to their ability to 1) sequester a considerable amount of terrestrial carbon, 2) store freshwater, and 3) regulate floods during the rainy season. Nowadays, extensive peatland degradation occurs because of peatland utilization for agriculture purposes, causing severe environmental consequences such as carbon emission, loss of biodiversity, risk of flooding, and peat fire. Meanwhile, local planners and decision makers tend to overlook the long-term strategic function of peatlands for carbon storage and hydrological regulation, preferring peatland utilization for short-term economic benefits. The objective of our study is to quantify the total ecosystem services (except biodiversity) of a tropical peatland landscape in various peat-utilization scenarios to help build awareness among local planners and decision makers on the strategic tradeoff between peatland utilization and restoration. Studies on the total ecosystem services in a tropical peatland landscape involving hydrological regulation are still rare. Based on the net present value calculation, provisioning services, carbon regulation, and hydrological regulation in our study area account for 19, 70, and 11% of the total ecosystem services, respectively. Based on uncertainty analysis, at any combination of the social cost of carbon emission (within a range of USD 52.7–USD 107.4) and discount rate (within a range of 5–10%), the enrichment of peatlands with paludiculture crops (e.g., jelutong) shows superior ecosystem services compared to other peatland-utilization scenarios. Conversely, planting peatlands with monoculture crops, which are associated with peatland drainage, shows a rapid decrease in the total ecosystem services. The fluvial carbon export in our study, which is often neglected in a peatland carbon budget, increases the estimate of the total carbon budget by 8%. Restoring undrained peatlands with paludiculture crops such as jelutong contributes positively to carbon sequestration and potentially reduces carbon emissions by 11%. These quantitative findings can help local planners and decision makers in understanding the tradeoff between the long-term benefits of peatland restoration and the short-term economic benefits of peatland utilization for monoculture crops.Suria TariganSuria TariganNeviaty P. ZamaniNeviaty P. ZamaniDamayanti BuchoriDamayanti BuchoriRilus KinsengRilus KinsengYuli SuharnotoIskandar Z. SiregarFrontiers Media S.A.articlecarbon lossmonoculture crophydrological ecosystem servicespaludiculturefluvial carbon lostEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350ENFrontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	carbon loss monoculture crop hydrological ecosystem services paludiculture fluvial carbon lost Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	carbon loss monoculture crop hydrological ecosystem services paludiculture fluvial carbon lost Environmental sciences GE1-350 Suria Tarigan Suria Tarigan Neviaty P. Zamani Neviaty P. Zamani Damayanti Buchori Damayanti Buchori Rilus Kinseng Rilus Kinseng Yuli Suharnoto Iskandar Z. Siregar Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops
description	Peatlands are especially important but fragile tropical landscapes. The importance of peatlands is owing to their ability to 1) sequester a considerable amount of terrestrial carbon, 2) store freshwater, and 3) regulate floods during the rainy season. Nowadays, extensive peatland degradation occurs because of peatland utilization for agriculture purposes, causing severe environmental consequences such as carbon emission, loss of biodiversity, risk of flooding, and peat fire. Meanwhile, local planners and decision makers tend to overlook the long-term strategic function of peatlands for carbon storage and hydrological regulation, preferring peatland utilization for short-term economic benefits. The objective of our study is to quantify the total ecosystem services (except biodiversity) of a tropical peatland landscape in various peat-utilization scenarios to help build awareness among local planners and decision makers on the strategic tradeoff between peatland utilization and restoration. Studies on the total ecosystem services in a tropical peatland landscape involving hydrological regulation are still rare. Based on the net present value calculation, provisioning services, carbon regulation, and hydrological regulation in our study area account for 19, 70, and 11% of the total ecosystem services, respectively. Based on uncertainty analysis, at any combination of the social cost of carbon emission (within a range of USD 52.7–USD 107.4) and discount rate (within a range of 5–10%), the enrichment of peatlands with paludiculture crops (e.g., jelutong) shows superior ecosystem services compared to other peatland-utilization scenarios. Conversely, planting peatlands with monoculture crops, which are associated with peatland drainage, shows a rapid decrease in the total ecosystem services. The fluvial carbon export in our study, which is often neglected in a peatland carbon budget, increases the estimate of the total carbon budget by 8%. Restoring undrained peatlands with paludiculture crops such as jelutong contributes positively to carbon sequestration and potentially reduces carbon emissions by 11%. These quantitative findings can help local planners and decision makers in understanding the tradeoff between the long-term benefits of peatland restoration and the short-term economic benefits of peatland utilization for monoculture crops.
format	article
author	Suria Tarigan Suria Tarigan Neviaty P. Zamani Neviaty P. Zamani Damayanti Buchori Damayanti Buchori Rilus Kinseng Rilus Kinseng Yuli Suharnoto Iskandar Z. Siregar
author_facet	Suria Tarigan Suria Tarigan Neviaty P. Zamani Neviaty P. Zamani Damayanti Buchori Damayanti Buchori Rilus Kinseng Rilus Kinseng Yuli Suharnoto Iskandar Z. Siregar
author_sort	Suria Tarigan
title	Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops
title_short	Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops
title_full	Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops
title_fullStr	Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops
title_full_unstemmed	Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops
title_sort	peatlands are more beneficial if conserved and restored than drained for monoculture crops
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6f299fbe8bd34daf9dafae8043c21bd7
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Peatlands Are More Beneficial if Conserved and Restored than Drained for Monoculture Crops

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