Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland

An analysis is performed with regards to technologically outdated heating plants operating in many areas where fossil fuels such as coal and gas are utilized, in order to consider the alternatives of their modernization. By application of a chart using a variety of alternatives, the economic feasibi...

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Autores principales:	Anna Hnydiuk-Stefan, Aleksandra Otawa, Krzysztof Stefan, Dariusz Zmarzły
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	CO<sub>2</sub> emissions CHP low emissions modernization technology Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6f372db02bad424eac4e49d3764239aa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6f372db02bad424eac4e49d3764239aa2021-11-11T16:08:15ZTechnical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland10.3390/en142174261996-1073https://doaj.org/article/6f372db02bad424eac4e49d3764239aa2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7426https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073An analysis is performed with regards to technologically outdated heating plants operating in many areas where fossil fuels such as coal and gas are utilized, in order to consider the alternatives of their modernization. By application of a chart using a variety of alternatives, the economic feasibility of executing two types of modernization of heating plants are explored: a single-fuel gas–steam CHP plant and a coal-fired heating plant to a coal-fired CHP plant with a condensing turbine. This study demonstrates how the selection of modernization technology is affected, in terms of profitability, by the value and variability in time of the price relationships between energy carriers, rapidly growing charges related to CO<sub>2</sub> emission allowances, and costs depending on other pollutant emissions that originate from the operation of electricity and heat sources powered by fossil fuels. In both technical cases of modernization, lower prices of energy carriers coupled with CO<sub>2</sub> emissions allowances lead to higher prices of electricity that can be sold as additional products following this modernization, and consequently, the specific cost of heat production in the repowered heat sources is lowered. The calculations were performed by the application of models of heating plant modernization applying continuous time notations, which offer the determination of the most suitable time of initiation of this modernization. Such relationships would be difficult to describe in the case of the use of traditional discrete models. In the case of a simultaneous increase in the prices of all main factors affecting the cost of heat generation, such as the price of gas, electricity and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, the fastest modernization of the heating plant to single-fuel gas–steam CHP provides the possibility of the best economic performance.Anna Hnydiuk-StefanAleksandra OtawaKrzysztof StefanDariusz ZmarzłyMDPI AGarticleCO<sub>2</sub> emissionsCHPlow emissionsmodernization technologyTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7426, p 7426 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CO<sub>2</sub> emissions CHP low emissions modernization technology Technology T
spellingShingle	CO<sub>2</sub> emissions CHP low emissions modernization technology Technology T Anna Hnydiuk-Stefan Aleksandra Otawa Krzysztof Stefan Dariusz Zmarzły Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland
description	An analysis is performed with regards to technologically outdated heating plants operating in many areas where fossil fuels such as coal and gas are utilized, in order to consider the alternatives of their modernization. By application of a chart using a variety of alternatives, the economic feasibility of executing two types of modernization of heating plants are explored: a single-fuel gas–steam CHP plant and a coal-fired heating plant to a coal-fired CHP plant with a condensing turbine. This study demonstrates how the selection of modernization technology is affected, in terms of profitability, by the value and variability in time of the price relationships between energy carriers, rapidly growing charges related to CO<sub>2</sub> emission allowances, and costs depending on other pollutant emissions that originate from the operation of electricity and heat sources powered by fossil fuels. In both technical cases of modernization, lower prices of energy carriers coupled with CO<sub>2</sub> emissions allowances lead to higher prices of electricity that can be sold as additional products following this modernization, and consequently, the specific cost of heat production in the repowered heat sources is lowered. The calculations were performed by the application of models of heating plant modernization applying continuous time notations, which offer the determination of the most suitable time of initiation of this modernization. Such relationships would be difficult to describe in the case of the use of traditional discrete models. In the case of a simultaneous increase in the prices of all main factors affecting the cost of heat generation, such as the price of gas, electricity and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, the fastest modernization of the heating plant to single-fuel gas–steam CHP provides the possibility of the best economic performance.
format	article
author	Anna Hnydiuk-Stefan Aleksandra Otawa Krzysztof Stefan Dariusz Zmarzły
author_facet	Anna Hnydiuk-Stefan Aleksandra Otawa Krzysztof Stefan Dariusz Zmarzły
author_sort	Anna Hnydiuk-Stefan
title	Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland
title_short	Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland
title_full	Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland
title_fullStr	Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland
title_full_unstemmed	Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland
title_sort	technical and economic analysis of low-emissions modernization of existing heating plants in poland
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6f372db02bad424eac4e49d3764239aa
work_keys_str_mv	AT annahnydiukstefan technicalandeconomicanalysisoflowemissionsmodernizationofexistingheatingplantsinpoland AT aleksandraotawa technicalandeconomicanalysisoflowemissionsmodernizationofexistingheatingplantsinpoland AT krzysztofstefan technicalandeconomicanalysisoflowemissionsmodernizationofexistingheatingplantsinpoland AT dariuszzmarzły technicalandeconomicanalysisoflowemissionsmodernizationofexistingheatingplantsinpoland
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Technical and Economic Analysis of Low-Emissions Modernization of Existing Heating Plants in Poland

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