A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

<h4>Background</h4> Nigeria has a high burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, commonly acquired through vertical transmission. However, there is a lack of an efficient surveillance system for monitoring and understanding the epidemiology of HBV among pregnant women. Building on a p...

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Autores principales:	Babayemi O. Olakunde, Daniel A. Adeyinka, Olubunmi A. Olakunde, Olalekan A. Uthman, Florence O. Bada, Yvonne A. Nartey, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Elijah Paintsil, Echezona E. Ezeanolue
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6f45b7c5650040a2b974f6141728709e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6f45b7c5650040a2b974f6141728709e2021-11-04T07:42:09ZA systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/6f45b7c5650040a2b974f6141728709e2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8555786/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4> Nigeria has a high burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, commonly acquired through vertical transmission. However, there is a lack of an efficient surveillance system for monitoring and understanding the epidemiology of HBV among pregnant women. Building on a previous review on the prevalence of HBV in Nigeria (2000–2013), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HBV prevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria. <h4>Methods</h4> Four electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Global Health, and Scopus were systematically searched from January 2014 to February 2021. We also searched the African Journal Online and manually scanned the reference lists of the identified studies for potentially eligible articles. Observational studies that reported the prevalence of HBsAg and/or HBeAg among pregnant women in peer-reviewed journals were included in the study. We performed a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. We defined HBV infection as a positive test to HBsAg. <h4>Results</h4> From the 158 studies identified, 20 studies with a total sample size of 26, 548 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women across the studies was 6.49% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.75–8.46%; I2 = 96.7%, p = 0.001; n = 20). The prevalence of HBV was significantly lower among pregnant women with at least secondary education compared with those with no education or primary education (prevalence ratio = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.58–0.87; n = 10). However, the prevalence of HBV was not significantly different by age, religion, marital status, or tribe. The prevalence of HBV was not significantly different among pregnant women with previous surgery, blood transfusion, multiple lifetime sex partners, tribal marks, tattoos, scarification, or sexually transmitted infections, compared with those without these risk factors. From a total sample size of 128 (n = 7), the pooled prevalence of HBeAg among HBV-infected pregnant women was 14.59% (95% CI = 4.58–27.99%; I2 = 65.5%, p = 0.01). Subgroup analyses of HBV infection by study region and screening method, and meta-regression analysis of the study year, sample size, and quality rating were not statistically significant. <h4>Conclusions</h4> There is an intermediate endemicity of HBV infection among pregnant women in Nigeria. Interventions, such as routine antenatal HBV screening, antiviral prophylaxis for eligible pregnant women, and infant HBV vaccination should be scaled up for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HBV infection in Nigeria.Babayemi O. OlakundeDaniel A. AdeyinkaOlubunmi A. OlakundeOlalekan A. UthmanFlorence O. BadaYvonne A. NarteyDorcas Obiri-YeboahElijah PaintsilEchezona E. EzeanoluePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Babayemi O. Olakunde Daniel A. Adeyinka Olubunmi A. Olakunde Olalekan A. Uthman Florence O. Bada Yvonne A. Nartey Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Elijah Paintsil Echezona E. Ezeanolue A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria
description	<h4>Background</h4> Nigeria has a high burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, commonly acquired through vertical transmission. However, there is a lack of an efficient surveillance system for monitoring and understanding the epidemiology of HBV among pregnant women. Building on a previous review on the prevalence of HBV in Nigeria (2000–2013), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HBV prevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria. <h4>Methods</h4> Four electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Global Health, and Scopus were systematically searched from January 2014 to February 2021. We also searched the African Journal Online and manually scanned the reference lists of the identified studies for potentially eligible articles. Observational studies that reported the prevalence of HBsAg and/or HBeAg among pregnant women in peer-reviewed journals were included in the study. We performed a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. We defined HBV infection as a positive test to HBsAg. <h4>Results</h4> From the 158 studies identified, 20 studies with a total sample size of 26, 548 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women across the studies was 6.49% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.75–8.46%; I2 = 96.7%, p = 0.001; n = 20). The prevalence of HBV was significantly lower among pregnant women with at least secondary education compared with those with no education or primary education (prevalence ratio = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.58–0.87; n = 10). However, the prevalence of HBV was not significantly different by age, religion, marital status, or tribe. The prevalence of HBV was not significantly different among pregnant women with previous surgery, blood transfusion, multiple lifetime sex partners, tribal marks, tattoos, scarification, or sexually transmitted infections, compared with those without these risk factors. From a total sample size of 128 (n = 7), the pooled prevalence of HBeAg among HBV-infected pregnant women was 14.59% (95% CI = 4.58–27.99%; I2 = 65.5%, p = 0.01). Subgroup analyses of HBV infection by study region and screening method, and meta-regression analysis of the study year, sample size, and quality rating were not statistically significant. <h4>Conclusions</h4> There is an intermediate endemicity of HBV infection among pregnant women in Nigeria. Interventions, such as routine antenatal HBV screening, antiviral prophylaxis for eligible pregnant women, and infant HBV vaccination should be scaled up for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HBV infection in Nigeria.
format	article
author	Babayemi O. Olakunde Daniel A. Adeyinka Olubunmi A. Olakunde Olalekan A. Uthman Florence O. Bada Yvonne A. Nartey Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Elijah Paintsil Echezona E. Ezeanolue
author_facet	Babayemi O. Olakunde Daniel A. Adeyinka Olubunmi A. Olakunde Olalekan A. Uthman Florence O. Bada Yvonne A. Nartey Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Elijah Paintsil Echezona E. Ezeanolue
author_sort	Babayemi O. Olakunde
title	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria
title_short	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria
title_full	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria
title_fullStr	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria
title_sort	systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis b virus infection among pregnant women in nigeria
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6f45b7c5650040a2b974f6141728709e
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria

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