Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth

Abstract General cognitive ability (GCA) is an individual difference dimension linked to important academic, occupational, and health-related outcomes and its development is strongly linked to differences in socioeconomic status (SES). Complex abilities of the human brain are realized through interc...

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Autores principales:	Chandra Sripada, Mike Angstadt, Aman Taxali, D. Angus Clark, Tristan Greathouse, Saige Rutherford, Joseph R. Dickens, Kerby Shedden, Arianna M. Gard, Luke W. Hyde, Alexander Weigard, Mary Heitzeg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Publishing Group 2021
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6f574639e5594fa698508522134933d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6f574639e5594fa698508522134933d12021-11-14T12:11:24ZBrain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth10.1038/s41398-021-01704-02158-3188https://doaj.org/article/6f574639e5594fa698508522134933d12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01704-0https://doaj.org/toc/2158-3188Abstract General cognitive ability (GCA) is an individual difference dimension linked to important academic, occupational, and health-related outcomes and its development is strongly linked to differences in socioeconomic status (SES). Complex abilities of the human brain are realized through interconnections among distributed brain regions, but brain-wide connectivity patterns associated with GCA in youth, and the influence of SES on these connectivity patterns, are poorly understood. The present study examined functional connectomes from 5937 9- and 10-year-olds in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) multi-site study. Using multivariate predictive modeling methods, we identified whole-brain functional connectivity patterns linked to GCA. In leave-one-site-out cross-validation, we found these connectivity patterns exhibited strong and statistically reliable generalization at 19 out of 19 held-out sites accounting for 18.0% of the variance in GCA scores (cross-validated partial η 2). GCA-related connections were remarkably dispersed across brain networks: across 120 sets of connections linking pairs of large-scale networks, significantly elevated GCA-related connectivity was found in 110 of them, and differences in levels of GCA-related connectivity across brain networks were notably modest. Consistent with prior work, socioeconomic status was a strong predictor of GCA in this sample, and we found that distributed GCA-related brain connectivity patterns significantly statistically mediated this relationship (mean proportion mediated: 15.6%, p < 2 × 10−16). These results demonstrate that socioeconomic status and GCA are related to broad and diffuse differences in functional connectivity architecture during early adolescence, potentially suggesting a mechanism through which socioeconomic status influences cognitive development.Chandra SripadaMike AngstadtAman TaxaliD. Angus ClarkTristan GreathouseSaige RutherfordJoseph R. DickensKerby SheddenArianna M. GardLuke W. HydeAlexander WeigardMary HeitzegNature Publishing GrouparticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENTranslational Psychiatry, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Chandra Sripada Mike Angstadt Aman Taxali D. Angus Clark Tristan Greathouse Saige Rutherford Joseph R. Dickens Kerby Shedden Arianna M. Gard Luke W. Hyde Alexander Weigard Mary Heitzeg Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth
description	Abstract General cognitive ability (GCA) is an individual difference dimension linked to important academic, occupational, and health-related outcomes and its development is strongly linked to differences in socioeconomic status (SES). Complex abilities of the human brain are realized through interconnections among distributed brain regions, but brain-wide connectivity patterns associated with GCA in youth, and the influence of SES on these connectivity patterns, are poorly understood. The present study examined functional connectomes from 5937 9- and 10-year-olds in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) multi-site study. Using multivariate predictive modeling methods, we identified whole-brain functional connectivity patterns linked to GCA. In leave-one-site-out cross-validation, we found these connectivity patterns exhibited strong and statistically reliable generalization at 19 out of 19 held-out sites accounting for 18.0% of the variance in GCA scores (cross-validated partial η 2). GCA-related connections were remarkably dispersed across brain networks: across 120 sets of connections linking pairs of large-scale networks, significantly elevated GCA-related connectivity was found in 110 of them, and differences in levels of GCA-related connectivity across brain networks were notably modest. Consistent with prior work, socioeconomic status was a strong predictor of GCA in this sample, and we found that distributed GCA-related brain connectivity patterns significantly statistically mediated this relationship (mean proportion mediated: 15.6%, p < 2 × 10−16). These results demonstrate that socioeconomic status and GCA are related to broad and diffuse differences in functional connectivity architecture during early adolescence, potentially suggesting a mechanism through which socioeconomic status influences cognitive development.
format	article
author	Chandra Sripada Mike Angstadt Aman Taxali D. Angus Clark Tristan Greathouse Saige Rutherford Joseph R. Dickens Kerby Shedden Arianna M. Gard Luke W. Hyde Alexander Weigard Mary Heitzeg
author_facet	Chandra Sripada Mike Angstadt Aman Taxali D. Angus Clark Tristan Greathouse Saige Rutherford Joseph R. Dickens Kerby Shedden Arianna M. Gard Luke W. Hyde Alexander Weigard Mary Heitzeg
author_sort	Chandra Sripada
title	Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth
title_short	Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth
title_full	Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth
title_fullStr	Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth
title_full_unstemmed	Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth
title_sort	brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth
publisher	Nature Publishing Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6f574639e5594fa698508522134933d1
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Brain-wide functional connectivity patterns support general cognitive ability and mediate effects of socioeconomic status in youth

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