Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.

Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) bearing the γδ T-cell receptor are a unique intestinal subset whose function remains elusive. Here, we examine how they behave in AIDS and during various regimens of antiretroviral treatment in order to obtain mechanistic insight into their adaptive or innate funct...

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Autores principales:	Dag E Nilssen, Per Brandtzaeg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6f71cde415f64adc95347258dc8a15ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6f71cde415f64adc95347258dc8a15ef2021-11-18T07:31:00ZIntraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0029066https://doaj.org/article/6f71cde415f64adc95347258dc8a15ef2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22238587/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) bearing the γδ T-cell receptor are a unique intestinal subset whose function remains elusive. Here, we examine how they behave in AIDS and during various regimens of antiretroviral treatment in order to obtain mechanistic insight into their adaptive or innate functional in vivo properties. IELs were studied by multimarker two-colour immunofluorescence in situ staining. Consecutive duodenal biopsies were obtained from advanced infection-prone HIV(+) patients (n = 30). The systemic adaptive immune status was monitored by determining T-cell subsets and immunoglobulins in peripheral blood. The γδ IEL ratio (median 14.5%, range 1.5-56.3%) was significantly increased (p<0.02) compared with that in clinically healthy HIV(-) control subjects (n = 11, median 2.8%; range 0.3-38%), although the number of γδ IELs per mucosal length unit (U) only tended to be increased (4.0/U in HIV(+) versus 3.2/U in HIV(-) subjects). Notably, the total number of CD3(+) IELs was significantly reduced in AIDS (p<0.0001, 39.6/U in HIV(+) versus 86.4/U in HIV(-) subjects). Almost 100% of the γδ IELs were CD8(-) and they often expressed the Vδ1/Jδ1-encoded epitope (median 65.2%). HIV(+) patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy only tended to have a lower ratio of γδ IELs (median 12.8%) than those receiving no treatment (median 14.3%) or 1 nucleoside analogue (NA) (median 23.5%) or 2 NAs (median 13.0%). This minimal variation among therapy groups, contrasting the treatment response of systemic and local adaptive immunity, harmonizes with the novel idea derived from animal experiments that γδ T cells are largely innate cells in first-line microbial defence.Dag E NilssenPer BrandtzaegPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 1, p e29066 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Dag E Nilssen Per Brandtzaeg Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.
description	Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) bearing the γδ T-cell receptor are a unique intestinal subset whose function remains elusive. Here, we examine how they behave in AIDS and during various regimens of antiretroviral treatment in order to obtain mechanistic insight into their adaptive or innate functional in vivo properties. IELs were studied by multimarker two-colour immunofluorescence in situ staining. Consecutive duodenal biopsies were obtained from advanced infection-prone HIV(+) patients (n = 30). The systemic adaptive immune status was monitored by determining T-cell subsets and immunoglobulins in peripheral blood. The γδ IEL ratio (median 14.5%, range 1.5-56.3%) was significantly increased (p<0.02) compared with that in clinically healthy HIV(-) control subjects (n = 11, median 2.8%; range 0.3-38%), although the number of γδ IELs per mucosal length unit (U) only tended to be increased (4.0/U in HIV(+) versus 3.2/U in HIV(-) subjects). Notably, the total number of CD3(+) IELs was significantly reduced in AIDS (p<0.0001, 39.6/U in HIV(+) versus 86.4/U in HIV(-) subjects). Almost 100% of the γδ IELs were CD8(-) and they often expressed the Vδ1/Jδ1-encoded epitope (median 65.2%). HIV(+) patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy only tended to have a lower ratio of γδ IELs (median 12.8%) than those receiving no treatment (median 14.3%) or 1 nucleoside analogue (NA) (median 23.5%) or 2 NAs (median 13.0%). This minimal variation among therapy groups, contrasting the treatment response of systemic and local adaptive immunity, harmonizes with the novel idea derived from animal experiments that γδ T cells are largely innate cells in first-line microbial defence.
format	article
author	Dag E Nilssen Per Brandtzaeg
author_facet	Dag E Nilssen Per Brandtzaeg
author_sort	Dag E Nilssen
title	Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.
title_short	Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.
title_full	Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.
title_fullStr	Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.
title_full_unstemmed	Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.
title_sort	intraepithelial γδ t cells remain increased in the duodenum of aids patients despite antiretroviral treatment.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/6f71cde415f64adc95347258dc8a15ef
work_keys_str_mv	AT dagenilssen intraepithelialgdtcellsremainincreasedintheduodenumofaidspatientsdespiteantiretroviraltreatment AT perbrandtzaeg intraepithelialgdtcellsremainincreasedintheduodenumofaidspatientsdespiteantiretroviraltreatment
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Intraepithelial γδ T cells remain increased in the duodenum of AIDS patients despite antiretroviral treatment.

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