Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen

Abstract Green hydrogen can help to decarbonize parts of the transportation sector, but its power sector interactions are not well understood so far. It may contribute to integrating variable renewable energy sources if production is sufficiently flexible in time. Using an open-source co-optimizatio...

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Autores principales:	Fabian Stöckl, Wolf-Peter Schill, Alexander Zerrahn
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6f7d8cd6fa3e49c5b4c9b208d5489214
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6f7d8cd6fa3e49c5b4c9b208d54892142021-12-02T15:39:59ZOptimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen10.1038/s41598-021-92511-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/6f7d8cd6fa3e49c5b4c9b208d54892142021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92511-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Green hydrogen can help to decarbonize parts of the transportation sector, but its power sector interactions are not well understood so far. It may contribute to integrating variable renewable energy sources if production is sufficiently flexible in time. Using an open-source co-optimization model of the power sector and four options for supplying hydrogen at German filling stations, we find a trade-off between energy efficiency and temporal flexibility. For lower shares of renewables and hydrogen, more energy-efficient and less flexible small-scale on-site electrolysis is optimal. For higher shares of renewables and/or hydrogen, more flexible but less energy-efficient large-scale hydrogen supply chains gain importance, as they allow to temporally disentangle hydrogen production from demand via storage. Liquid hydrogen emerges as particularly beneficial, followed by liquid organic hydrogen carriers and gaseous hydrogen. Large-scale hydrogen supply chains can deliver substantial power sector benefits, mainly through reduced renewable curtailment. Energy modelers and system planners should consider the distinct flexibility characteristics of hydrogen supply chains in more detail when assessing the role of green hydrogen in future energy transition scenarios. We also propose two alternative cost and emission metrics which could be useful in future analyses.Fabian StöcklWolf-Peter SchillAlexander ZerrahnNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Fabian Stöckl Wolf-Peter Schill Alexander Zerrahn Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
description	Abstract Green hydrogen can help to decarbonize parts of the transportation sector, but its power sector interactions are not well understood so far. It may contribute to integrating variable renewable energy sources if production is sufficiently flexible in time. Using an open-source co-optimization model of the power sector and four options for supplying hydrogen at German filling stations, we find a trade-off between energy efficiency and temporal flexibility. For lower shares of renewables and hydrogen, more energy-efficient and less flexible small-scale on-site electrolysis is optimal. For higher shares of renewables and/or hydrogen, more flexible but less energy-efficient large-scale hydrogen supply chains gain importance, as they allow to temporally disentangle hydrogen production from demand via storage. Liquid hydrogen emerges as particularly beneficial, followed by liquid organic hydrogen carriers and gaseous hydrogen. Large-scale hydrogen supply chains can deliver substantial power sector benefits, mainly through reduced renewable curtailment. Energy modelers and system planners should consider the distinct flexibility characteristics of hydrogen supply chains in more detail when assessing the role of green hydrogen in future energy transition scenarios. We also propose two alternative cost and emission metrics which could be useful in future analyses.
format	article
author	Fabian Stöckl Wolf-Peter Schill Alexander Zerrahn
author_facet	Fabian Stöckl Wolf-Peter Schill Alexander Zerrahn
author_sort	Fabian Stöckl
title	Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
title_short	Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
title_full	Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
title_fullStr	Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
title_full_unstemmed	Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
title_sort	optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6f7d8cd6fa3e49c5b4c9b208d5489214
work_keys_str_mv	AT fabianstockl optimalsupplychainsandpowersectorbenefitsofgreenhydrogen AT wolfpeterschill optimalsupplychainsandpowersectorbenefitsofgreenhydrogen AT alexanderzerrahn optimalsupplychainsandpowersectorbenefitsofgreenhydrogen
_version_	1718385879019421696

Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen

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