Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.

Knowledge of the ecology of the fish fauna associated with kelp (primarily Macrocystis pyrifera) forests in Southern Patagonia is scarce, especially in how abiotic and biotic variables influence their structure, diversity, and distribution. This information is important for the management and conser...

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Autores principales:	Mathias Hüne, Alan M Friedlander, Enric Ballesteros, Jennifer E Caselle, Enric Sala
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6fa641215fd54b07b39a3542ab3a0cae
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6fa641215fd54b07b39a3542ab3a0cae2021-12-02T20:08:09ZAssemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0257662https://doaj.org/article/6fa641215fd54b07b39a3542ab3a0cae2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257662https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Knowledge of the ecology of the fish fauna associated with kelp (primarily Macrocystis pyrifera) forests in Southern Patagonia is scarce, especially in how abiotic and biotic variables influence their structure, diversity, and distribution. This information is important for the management and conservation of this unique ecosystem, which has minimal anthropogenic impacts at present. We analyzed data from 122 quantitative underwater transects conducted within kelp forests at 61 stations from Chile's southern Patagonian fjords to the Cape Horn and Diego Ramirez archipelagos and the southern tip of Argentina, including the Mitre Peninsula and Isla de los Estados. In total, 25 fish species belonging to 13 families were observed. Multivariate analysis indicated that there are significant differences in fish assemblage structure among locations and wave exposures, which was driven primarily by Patagonotothen sima and Paranotothenia magellanica, which occurred on exposed and semi-exposed stations. P. cornucola was mainly distributed across sheltered stations of the Kawésqar National Park. Temperature, salinity, depth, and kelp density influenced fish assemblage structure, with the highest diversity in areas with the lowest temperature and greater depth at Isla de los Estados. In contrast, species richness, diversity, abundance, and biomass were all lower in areas with high density of the understory kelp Lessonia spp., which might be driven by the absence of P. tessellata, P. squamiceps and P. cornucola, the most important species in terms of occurrence, abundance, and biomass. Our study provides the first broad-scale description of the fish assemblages associated with kelp forests along the southern cone of South America based on non-invasive visual transects, improving our knowledge of the distribution of fish assemblages across several environmental conditions in this vast and little-studied area.Mathias HüneAlan M FriedlanderEnric BallesterosJennifer E CaselleEnric SalaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0257662 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mathias Hüne Alan M Friedlander Enric Ballesteros Jennifer E Caselle Enric Sala Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.
description	Knowledge of the ecology of the fish fauna associated with kelp (primarily Macrocystis pyrifera) forests in Southern Patagonia is scarce, especially in how abiotic and biotic variables influence their structure, diversity, and distribution. This information is important for the management and conservation of this unique ecosystem, which has minimal anthropogenic impacts at present. We analyzed data from 122 quantitative underwater transects conducted within kelp forests at 61 stations from Chile's southern Patagonian fjords to the Cape Horn and Diego Ramirez archipelagos and the southern tip of Argentina, including the Mitre Peninsula and Isla de los Estados. In total, 25 fish species belonging to 13 families were observed. Multivariate analysis indicated that there are significant differences in fish assemblage structure among locations and wave exposures, which was driven primarily by Patagonotothen sima and Paranotothenia magellanica, which occurred on exposed and semi-exposed stations. P. cornucola was mainly distributed across sheltered stations of the Kawésqar National Park. Temperature, salinity, depth, and kelp density influenced fish assemblage structure, with the highest diversity in areas with the lowest temperature and greater depth at Isla de los Estados. In contrast, species richness, diversity, abundance, and biomass were all lower in areas with high density of the understory kelp Lessonia spp., which might be driven by the absence of P. tessellata, P. squamiceps and P. cornucola, the most important species in terms of occurrence, abundance, and biomass. Our study provides the first broad-scale description of the fish assemblages associated with kelp forests along the southern cone of South America based on non-invasive visual transects, improving our knowledge of the distribution of fish assemblages across several environmental conditions in this vast and little-studied area.
format	article
author	Mathias Hüne Alan M Friedlander Enric Ballesteros Jennifer E Caselle Enric Sala
author_facet	Mathias Hüne Alan M Friedlander Enric Ballesteros Jennifer E Caselle Enric Sala
author_sort	Mathias Hüne
title	Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.
title_short	Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.
title_full	Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.
title_fullStr	Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.
title_full_unstemmed	Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.
title_sort	assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in southern patagonia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6fa641215fd54b07b39a3542ab3a0cae
work_keys_str_mv	AT mathiashune assemblagestructureandspatialdiversitypatternsofkelpforestassociatedfishesinsouthernpatagonia AT alanmfriedlander assemblagestructureandspatialdiversitypatternsofkelpforestassociatedfishesinsouthernpatagonia AT enricballesteros assemblagestructureandspatialdiversitypatternsofkelpforestassociatedfishesinsouthernpatagonia AT jenniferecaselle assemblagestructureandspatialdiversitypatternsofkelpforestassociatedfishesinsouthernpatagonia AT enricsala assemblagestructureandspatialdiversitypatternsofkelpforestassociatedfishesinsouthernpatagonia
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Assemblage structure and spatial diversity patterns of kelp forest-associated fishes in Southern Patagonia.

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