Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type

To elucidate the mechanism underlying special characteristic differences between a spontaneous seedling mutant ‘Huapi’ kumquat (HP) and its wild-type ‘Rongan’ kumquat (RA), the fruit quality, metabolic profiles, and gene expressions of the peel and flesh were comprehensively analyzed. Compared with...

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Autores principales:	Qiaoli Ma, Yongwei Hu, Xinghua Dong, Gaofeng Zhou, Xiao Liu, Qingqing Gu, Qingjiang Wei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	metabolomics flavonoids lipids kumquat fruit gene expression Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/6fd5a7c8d03945a9aac9ab8c8260e81b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:6fd5a7c8d03945a9aac9ab8c8260e81b2021-12-02T11:09:33ZMetabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.759968https://doaj.org/article/6fd5a7c8d03945a9aac9ab8c8260e81b2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.759968/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XTo elucidate the mechanism underlying special characteristic differences between a spontaneous seedling mutant ‘Huapi’ kumquat (HP) and its wild-type ‘Rongan’ kumquat (RA), the fruit quality, metabolic profiles, and gene expressions of the peel and flesh were comprehensively analyzed. Compared with RA, HP fruit has distinctive phenotypes such as glossy peel, light color, and few amounts of oil glands. Interestingly, HP also accumulated higher flavonoid (approximately 4.1-fold changes) than RA. Based on metabolomics analysis, we identified 201 differential compounds, including 65 flavonoids and 37 lipids. Most of the differential flavonoids were glycosylated by hexoside and accumulated higher contents in the peel but lower in the flesh of HP than those of RA fruit. For differential lipids, most of them belonged to lysophosphatidycholines (LysoPCs) and lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LysoPEs) and exhibited low abundance in both peel and flesh of HP fruit. In addition, structural genes associated with the flavonoid and lipid pathways were differentially regulated between the two kumquat varieties. Gene expression analysis also revealed the significant roles of UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) and phospholipase genes in flavonoid and glycerophospholipid metabolisms, respectively. These findings provide valuable information for interpreting the mutation mechanism of HP kumquat.Qiaoli MaYongwei HuXinghua DongGaofeng ZhouXiao LiuQingqing GuQingjiang WeiFrontiers Media S.A.articlemetabolomicsflavonoidslipidskumquat fruitgene expressionPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	metabolomics flavonoids lipids kumquat fruit gene expression Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	metabolomics flavonoids lipids kumquat fruit gene expression Plant culture SB1-1110 Qiaoli Ma Yongwei Hu Xinghua Dong Gaofeng Zhou Xiao Liu Qingqing Gu Qingjiang Wei Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type
description	To elucidate the mechanism underlying special characteristic differences between a spontaneous seedling mutant ‘Huapi’ kumquat (HP) and its wild-type ‘Rongan’ kumquat (RA), the fruit quality, metabolic profiles, and gene expressions of the peel and flesh were comprehensively analyzed. Compared with RA, HP fruit has distinctive phenotypes such as glossy peel, light color, and few amounts of oil glands. Interestingly, HP also accumulated higher flavonoid (approximately 4.1-fold changes) than RA. Based on metabolomics analysis, we identified 201 differential compounds, including 65 flavonoids and 37 lipids. Most of the differential flavonoids were glycosylated by hexoside and accumulated higher contents in the peel but lower in the flesh of HP than those of RA fruit. For differential lipids, most of them belonged to lysophosphatidycholines (LysoPCs) and lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LysoPEs) and exhibited low abundance in both peel and flesh of HP fruit. In addition, structural genes associated with the flavonoid and lipid pathways were differentially regulated between the two kumquat varieties. Gene expression analysis also revealed the significant roles of UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) and phospholipase genes in flavonoid and glycerophospholipid metabolisms, respectively. These findings provide valuable information for interpreting the mutation mechanism of HP kumquat.
format	article
author	Qiaoli Ma Yongwei Hu Xinghua Dong Gaofeng Zhou Xiao Liu Qingqing Gu Qingjiang Wei
author_facet	Qiaoli Ma Yongwei Hu Xinghua Dong Gaofeng Zhou Xiao Liu Qingqing Gu Qingjiang Wei
author_sort	Qiaoli Ma
title	Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type
title_short	Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type
title_full	Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type
title_fullStr	Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type
title_full_unstemmed	Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type
title_sort	metabolic profiling and gene expression analysis unveil differences in flavonoid and lipid metabolisms between ‘huapi’ kumquat (fortunella crassifolia swingle) and its wild type
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/6fd5a7c8d03945a9aac9ab8c8260e81b
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Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Unveil Differences in Flavonoid and Lipid Metabolisms Between ‘Huapi’ Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) and Its Wild Type

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