Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan

As people age, their cognitive skills and ability to complete complex instrumental activities of daily living often decline in subtle ways. Older adults who are aware of these slight cognitive and functional changes spontaneously adapt and implement strategies to maximize performance. On the other h...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Catherine Arora, Carina Frantz, Joan Toglia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	IADL metacognition weekly calendar planning activity cognitive strategies self-awareness self-monitoring Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7026e810c6e8479797041429757761d8
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:7026e810c6e8479797041429757761d8
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7026e810c6e8479797041429757761d82021-11-05T09:26:42ZAwareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan1664-107810.3389/fpsyg.2021.753016https://doaj.org/article/7026e810c6e8479797041429757761d82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.753016/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-1078As people age, their cognitive skills and ability to complete complex instrumental activities of daily living often decline in subtle ways. Older adults who are aware of these slight cognitive and functional changes spontaneously adapt and implement strategies to maximize performance. On the other hand, older adults with limited self-awareness are less likely to adjust performance or initiate compensatory strategies as they may not recognize the need to do so. This places them at higher risk of functional decline and loss of independence. Research on awareness of functional performance in healthy adults is, however, limited, and there is a paucity of assessment tools available to address questions of awareness and strategy use in functional tasks. We used the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) – a performance-based assessment of functional cognition including measures of awareness and strategy use – to investigate differences in performance, awareness, and strategy use across the adult lifespan. The WCPA requires examinees to schedule appointments into a weekly calendar while following rules designed to increase task demands. Healthy adults (n=342) from ages 18–92 were observed for strategy use and error recognition, while a post-test interview probed participants’ reported strategy use and estimation of accuracy. The discrepancy between participant estimation and actual accuracy provided a measure of online awareness of performance where a larger estimation discrepancy indicated over-estimation of performance. Performance on the WCPA declined across the adult lifespan. Older adults were less likely to use self-monitoring strategies and used less effective strategies overall. Overestimation was associated with use of fewer strategies and lower accuracy in all age groups. Importantly, twice as many older adults overestimated compared to younger adults. Furthermore, the subset of older adults who had good awareness of performance was more likely to use effective strategies, to recognize errors, and achieved accuracy on par with their younger counterparts. Our results emphasize the importance of examining self-awareness of performance and analyzing the strategies used to perform a complex functional task. This information can provide a foundation for early detection of functional decline in aging and for designing interventions to maximize functional independence in aging.Catherine AroraCarina FrantzJoan TogliaFrontiers Media S.A.articleIADLmetacognitionweekly calendar planning activitycognitive strategiesself-awarenessself-monitoringPsychologyBF1-990ENFrontiers in Psychology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	IADL metacognition weekly calendar planning activity cognitive strategies self-awareness self-monitoring Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	IADL metacognition weekly calendar planning activity cognitive strategies self-awareness self-monitoring Psychology BF1-990 Catherine Arora Carina Frantz Joan Toglia Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan
description	As people age, their cognitive skills and ability to complete complex instrumental activities of daily living often decline in subtle ways. Older adults who are aware of these slight cognitive and functional changes spontaneously adapt and implement strategies to maximize performance. On the other hand, older adults with limited self-awareness are less likely to adjust performance or initiate compensatory strategies as they may not recognize the need to do so. This places them at higher risk of functional decline and loss of independence. Research on awareness of functional performance in healthy adults is, however, limited, and there is a paucity of assessment tools available to address questions of awareness and strategy use in functional tasks. We used the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) – a performance-based assessment of functional cognition including measures of awareness and strategy use – to investigate differences in performance, awareness, and strategy use across the adult lifespan. The WCPA requires examinees to schedule appointments into a weekly calendar while following rules designed to increase task demands. Healthy adults (n=342) from ages 18–92 were observed for strategy use and error recognition, while a post-test interview probed participants’ reported strategy use and estimation of accuracy. The discrepancy between participant estimation and actual accuracy provided a measure of online awareness of performance where a larger estimation discrepancy indicated over-estimation of performance. Performance on the WCPA declined across the adult lifespan. Older adults were less likely to use self-monitoring strategies and used less effective strategies overall. Overestimation was associated with use of fewer strategies and lower accuracy in all age groups. Importantly, twice as many older adults overestimated compared to younger adults. Furthermore, the subset of older adults who had good awareness of performance was more likely to use effective strategies, to recognize errors, and achieved accuracy on par with their younger counterparts. Our results emphasize the importance of examining self-awareness of performance and analyzing the strategies used to perform a complex functional task. This information can provide a foundation for early detection of functional decline in aging and for designing interventions to maximize functional independence in aging.
format	article
author	Catherine Arora Carina Frantz Joan Toglia
author_facet	Catherine Arora Carina Frantz Joan Toglia
author_sort	Catherine Arora
title	Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan
title_short	Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan
title_full	Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan
title_fullStr	Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan
title_full_unstemmed	Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan
title_sort	awareness of performance on a functional cognitive performance-based assessment across the adult lifespan
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7026e810c6e8479797041429757761d8
work_keys_str_mv	AT catherinearora awarenessofperformanceonafunctionalcognitiveperformancebasedassessmentacrosstheadultlifespan AT carinafrantz awarenessofperformanceonafunctionalcognitiveperformancebasedassessmentacrosstheadultlifespan AT joantoglia awarenessofperformanceonafunctionalcognitiveperformancebasedassessmentacrosstheadultlifespan
_version_	1718444355842211840

Awareness of Performance on a Functional Cognitive Performance-Based Assessment Across the Adult Lifespan

Ejemplares similares