Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Abstract Fifty-four water samples were collected between July and December 2019 at nine monitoring stations and fifteen parameters were analysed to provide an updated diagnosis of the Piabanha River water quality. Further, forty years of monitoring were analysed, including government data and previo...

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Autores principales:	David de Andrade Costa, José Paulo Soares de Azevedo, Marco Aurélio dos Santos, Rafaela dos Santos Facchetti Vinhaes Assumpção
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/705c567a043c4299a71912be3c529848
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:705c567a043c4299a71912be3c5298482021-12-02T12:40:40ZWater quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest10.1038/s41598-020-78563-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/705c567a043c4299a71912be3c5298482020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78563-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Fifty-four water samples were collected between July and December 2019 at nine monitoring stations and fifteen parameters were analysed to provide an updated diagnosis of the Piabanha River water quality. Further, forty years of monitoring were analysed, including government data and previous research projects. A georeferenced database was also built containing water management data. The Water Quality Index from the National Sanitation Foundation (WQINSF) was calculated using two datasets and showed an improvement in overall water quality, despite still presenting systematic violations to Brazilian standards. Principal components analysis (PCA) showed the most contributing parameters to water quality and enabled its association with the main pollution sources identified in the geodatabase. PCA showed that sewage discharge is still the main pollution source. The cluster analysis (CA) made possible to recommend the monitoring network optimization, thereby enabling the expansion of the monitoring to other rivers. Finally, the diagnosis provided by this research establishes the first step towards the Framing of water resources according to their intended uses, as established by the Brazilian National Water Resources Policy.David de Andrade CostaJosé Paulo Soares de AzevedoMarco Aurélio dos SantosRafaela dos Santos Facchetti Vinhaes AssumpçãoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q David de Andrade Costa José Paulo Soares de Azevedo Marco Aurélio dos Santos Rafaela dos Santos Facchetti Vinhaes Assumpção Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
description	Abstract Fifty-four water samples were collected between July and December 2019 at nine monitoring stations and fifteen parameters were analysed to provide an updated diagnosis of the Piabanha River water quality. Further, forty years of monitoring were analysed, including government data and previous research projects. A georeferenced database was also built containing water management data. The Water Quality Index from the National Sanitation Foundation (WQINSF) was calculated using two datasets and showed an improvement in overall water quality, despite still presenting systematic violations to Brazilian standards. Principal components analysis (PCA) showed the most contributing parameters to water quality and enabled its association with the main pollution sources identified in the geodatabase. PCA showed that sewage discharge is still the main pollution source. The cluster analysis (CA) made possible to recommend the monitoring network optimization, thereby enabling the expansion of the monitoring to other rivers. Finally, the diagnosis provided by this research establishes the first step towards the Framing of water resources according to their intended uses, as established by the Brazilian National Water Resources Policy.
format	article
author	David de Andrade Costa José Paulo Soares de Azevedo Marco Aurélio dos Santos Rafaela dos Santos Facchetti Vinhaes Assumpção
author_facet	David de Andrade Costa José Paulo Soares de Azevedo Marco Aurélio dos Santos Rafaela dos Santos Facchetti Vinhaes Assumpção
author_sort	David de Andrade Costa
title	Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
title_short	Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
title_full	Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
title_fullStr	Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
title_full_unstemmed	Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
title_sort	water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the brazilian atlantic forest
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/705c567a043c4299a71912be3c529848
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Water quality assessment based on multivariate statistics and water quality index of a strategic river in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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