Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.

<h4>Background</h4>Acanthamoeba spp. are one of the free-living amoeba that spread worldwide causing keratitis. Owing to the increase in the use of lenses, whether for medical or cosmetic purposes, the incidence of disease increases every year. Contamination of the lenses with the Acanth...

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Autores principales:	Faten A M Hassan, M E M Tolba, Gamal H Abed, H M Omar, Sara S Abdel-Hakeem
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/708cb6e3df3347608af3b231c10fcc85
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:708cb6e3df3347608af3b231c10fcc852021-12-02T20:13:06ZContact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259847https://doaj.org/article/708cb6e3df3347608af3b231c10fcc852021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259847https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Acanthamoeba spp. are one of the free-living amoeba that spread worldwide causing keratitis. Owing to the increase in the use of lenses, whether for medical or cosmetic purposes, the incidence of disease increases every year. Contamination of the lenses with the Acanthamoeba trophozoites or cysts may lead to eye infection and cause sight-threatening keratitis in human. We isolated Acanthamoeba spp. from new lenses, used lenses, and contact lens disinfecting solutions and identified them based on morphological characteristics and molecular test.<h4>Methods</h4>New and used lenses and contact lens disinfecting solutions were cultured on monogenic media. Light and scanning electron microscope was used to identify Acanthamoeba spp. morphological features. Genotype identification was also evaluated using PCR sequencing of 18S rRNA gene specific primer pair JDP1 and JDP2.<h4>Results</h4>A hundred samples were examined, 29 (29%) were infected with Acanthamoeba spp. That belonged to two strains of Acanthamoeba (Acanthamoeba 41 and Acanthamoeba 68). 18S rRNA of the Acanthamoeba 41 had 99.69% sequence identity to Acanthamoeba castellanii clone HDU-JUMS-2, whereas Acanthamoeba 68 had 99.74% similar pattern to that of Acanthamoeba sp. isolate T4 clone ac2t4 that are morphologically identified as Acanthamoeba polyphaga. The obtained data revealed that the isolated strains belong to T4 genotype that was evolutionarily similar to strains isolated in Iran.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Cosmetic lenses and disinfectant solutions are a major transmissible mode for infection. This genotype is common as the cause of Acanthamoeba keratitis. To avoid infection, care must be taken to clean the lenses and their preservative solutions and prevent contamination with the parasite.Faten A M HassanM E M TolbaGamal H AbedH M OmarSara S Abdel-HakeemPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0259847 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Faten A M Hassan M E M Tolba Gamal H Abed H M Omar Sara S Abdel-Hakeem Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Acanthamoeba spp. are one of the free-living amoeba that spread worldwide causing keratitis. Owing to the increase in the use of lenses, whether for medical or cosmetic purposes, the incidence of disease increases every year. Contamination of the lenses with the Acanthamoeba trophozoites or cysts may lead to eye infection and cause sight-threatening keratitis in human. We isolated Acanthamoeba spp. from new lenses, used lenses, and contact lens disinfecting solutions and identified them based on morphological characteristics and molecular test.<h4>Methods</h4>New and used lenses and contact lens disinfecting solutions were cultured on monogenic media. Light and scanning electron microscope was used to identify Acanthamoeba spp. morphological features. Genotype identification was also evaluated using PCR sequencing of 18S rRNA gene specific primer pair JDP1 and JDP2.<h4>Results</h4>A hundred samples were examined, 29 (29%) were infected with Acanthamoeba spp. That belonged to two strains of Acanthamoeba (Acanthamoeba 41 and Acanthamoeba 68). 18S rRNA of the Acanthamoeba 41 had 99.69% sequence identity to Acanthamoeba castellanii clone HDU-JUMS-2, whereas Acanthamoeba 68 had 99.74% similar pattern to that of Acanthamoeba sp. isolate T4 clone ac2t4 that are morphologically identified as Acanthamoeba polyphaga. The obtained data revealed that the isolated strains belong to T4 genotype that was evolutionarily similar to strains isolated in Iran.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Cosmetic lenses and disinfectant solutions are a major transmissible mode for infection. This genotype is common as the cause of Acanthamoeba keratitis. To avoid infection, care must be taken to clean the lenses and their preservative solutions and prevent contamination with the parasite.
format	article
author	Faten A M Hassan M E M Tolba Gamal H Abed H M Omar Sara S Abdel-Hakeem
author_facet	Faten A M Hassan M E M Tolba Gamal H Abed H M Omar Sara S Abdel-Hakeem
author_sort	Faten A M Hassan
title	Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.
title_short	Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.
title_full	Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.
title_fullStr	Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.
title_full_unstemmed	Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.
title_sort	contact lenses contamination by acanthamoeba spp. in upper egypt.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/708cb6e3df3347608af3b231c10fcc85
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Contact lenses contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Upper Egypt.

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