The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma

Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease involving variable airflow limitations, exhibits two phenotypes: eosinophilic and neutrophilic. The asthma phenotype must be considered because the prognosis and drug responsiveness of eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma differ. CD4<sup>+</sup> T ce...

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Autores principales:	Jiung Jeong, Heung Kyu Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	asthma T cell eosinophil neutrophil microbiota commensal Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/70f030914af444af98ff5f8dab4c74fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:70f030914af444af98ff5f8dab4c74fd2021-11-11T17:15:41ZThe Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma10.3390/ijms2221118221422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/70f030914af444af98ff5f8dab4c74fd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11822https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease involving variable airflow limitations, exhibits two phenotypes: eosinophilic and neutrophilic. The asthma phenotype must be considered because the prognosis and drug responsiveness of eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma differ. CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are the main determinant of asthma phenotype. Th2, Th9 and Tfh cells mediate the development of eosinophilic asthma, whereas Th1 and Th17 cells mediate the development of neutrophilic asthma. Elucidating the biological roles of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells is thus essential for developing effective asthma treatments and predicting a patient’s prognosis. Commensal bacteria also play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Beneficial bacteria within the host act to suppress asthma, whereas harmful bacteria exacerbate asthma. Recent literature indicates that imbalances between beneficial and harmful bacteria affect the differentiation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, leading to the development of asthma. Correcting bacterial imbalances using probiotics reportedly improves asthma symptoms. In this review, we investigate the effects of crosstalk between the microbiota and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells on the development of asthma.Jiung JeongHeung Kyu LeeMDPI AGarticleasthmaT celleosinophilneutrophilmicrobiotacommensalBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11822, p 11822 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	asthma T cell eosinophil neutrophil microbiota commensal Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	asthma T cell eosinophil neutrophil microbiota commensal Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Jiung Jeong Heung Kyu Lee The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma
description	Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease involving variable airflow limitations, exhibits two phenotypes: eosinophilic and neutrophilic. The asthma phenotype must be considered because the prognosis and drug responsiveness of eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma differ. CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are the main determinant of asthma phenotype. Th2, Th9 and Tfh cells mediate the development of eosinophilic asthma, whereas Th1 and Th17 cells mediate the development of neutrophilic asthma. Elucidating the biological roles of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells is thus essential for developing effective asthma treatments and predicting a patient’s prognosis. Commensal bacteria also play a key role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Beneficial bacteria within the host act to suppress asthma, whereas harmful bacteria exacerbate asthma. Recent literature indicates that imbalances between beneficial and harmful bacteria affect the differentiation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, leading to the development of asthma. Correcting bacterial imbalances using probiotics reportedly improves asthma symptoms. In this review, we investigate the effects of crosstalk between the microbiota and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells on the development of asthma.
format	article
author	Jiung Jeong Heung Kyu Lee
author_facet	Jiung Jeong Heung Kyu Lee
author_sort	Jiung Jeong
title	The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma
title_short	The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma
title_full	The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma
title_fullStr	The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma
title_full_unstemmed	The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma
title_sort	role of cd4<sup>+</sup> t cells and microbiota in the pathogenesis of asthma
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/70f030914af444af98ff5f8dab4c74fd
work_keys_str_mv	AT jiungjeong theroleofcd4supsuptcellsandmicrobiotainthepathogenesisofasthma AT heungkyulee theroleofcd4supsuptcellsandmicrobiotainthepathogenesisofasthma AT jiungjeong roleofcd4supsuptcellsandmicrobiotainthepathogenesisofasthma AT heungkyulee roleofcd4supsuptcellsandmicrobiotainthepathogenesisofasthma
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The Role of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Asthma

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