Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.

<h4>Background</h4>Reviews and meta-analyses suggest that substance use and suicidality (i.e., suicidal ideations and attempts) are associated in youth, but the direction of this association remains unclear. Theoretically, the secondary psychiatric disorder hypothesis (SPDH) posits that...

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Autores principales:	Charlie Rioux, Anne-Sophie Huet, Natalie Castellanos-Ryan, Laurianne Fortier, Myriam Le Blanc, Stéphanie Hamaoui, Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Johanne Renaud, Jean R Séguin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/710a2bd4b562460c85bb10641dfa8e1c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:710a2bd4b562460c85bb10641dfa8e1c2021-12-02T20:18:33ZSubstance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255799https://doaj.org/article/710a2bd4b562460c85bb10641dfa8e1c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255799https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Reviews and meta-analyses suggest that substance use and suicidality (i.e., suicidal ideations and attempts) are associated in youth, but the direction of this association remains unclear. Theoretically, the secondary psychiatric disorder hypothesis (SPDH) posits that substance use leads to suicidality, while the secondary substance use disorder hypothesis (SSUDH) posits that suicidality leads to substance use. To clarify these associations, this meta-analysis systematically reviewed studies that examined the prospective associations between SUDs and suicidality in youth (age 25 and younger) and compared results according to the direction of the association.<h4>Methods</h4>Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Medline and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global were searched from inception to March 8, 2020, and 55 effect sizes from 23 samples were included and analyzed using a three-level meta-analysis.<h4>Results</h4>SUDs significantly predicted subsequent suicidality (OR = 2.16, 95%CI 1.57-2.97), suicidality significantly predicted subsequent SUDs (OR = 2.16, 95%CI 1.53-3.04), and these effect sizes did not differ (p = 0.49).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Considering that 65% of reviewed studies only examined the SPDH, this review highlights that more attention should be given to the SSUDH, and that studies should examine bidirectional associations between SUDs and suicidality across time. Clinically, because SUDs and suicidality were found to influence each other, results suggest that mental health and SUDs should ideally be detected and treated early, and that co-occurring disorders should be assessed and treated concomitantly.Charlie RiouxAnne-Sophie HuetNatalie Castellanos-RyanLaurianne FortierMyriam Le BlancStéphanie HamaouiMarie-Claude GeoffroyJohanne RenaudJean R SéguinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255799 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Charlie Rioux Anne-Sophie Huet Natalie Castellanos-Ryan Laurianne Fortier Myriam Le Blanc Stéphanie Hamaoui Marie-Claude Geoffroy Johanne Renaud Jean R Séguin Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Reviews and meta-analyses suggest that substance use and suicidality (i.e., suicidal ideations and attempts) are associated in youth, but the direction of this association remains unclear. Theoretically, the secondary psychiatric disorder hypothesis (SPDH) posits that substance use leads to suicidality, while the secondary substance use disorder hypothesis (SSUDH) posits that suicidality leads to substance use. To clarify these associations, this meta-analysis systematically reviewed studies that examined the prospective associations between SUDs and suicidality in youth (age 25 and younger) and compared results according to the direction of the association.<h4>Methods</h4>Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Medline and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global were searched from inception to March 8, 2020, and 55 effect sizes from 23 samples were included and analyzed using a three-level meta-analysis.<h4>Results</h4>SUDs significantly predicted subsequent suicidality (OR = 2.16, 95%CI 1.57-2.97), suicidality significantly predicted subsequent SUDs (OR = 2.16, 95%CI 1.53-3.04), and these effect sizes did not differ (p = 0.49).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Considering that 65% of reviewed studies only examined the SPDH, this review highlights that more attention should be given to the SSUDH, and that studies should examine bidirectional associations between SUDs and suicidality across time. Clinically, because SUDs and suicidality were found to influence each other, results suggest that mental health and SUDs should ideally be detected and treated early, and that co-occurring disorders should be assessed and treated concomitantly.
format	article
author	Charlie Rioux Anne-Sophie Huet Natalie Castellanos-Ryan Laurianne Fortier Myriam Le Blanc Stéphanie Hamaoui Marie-Claude Geoffroy Johanne Renaud Jean R Séguin
author_facet	Charlie Rioux Anne-Sophie Huet Natalie Castellanos-Ryan Laurianne Fortier Myriam Le Blanc Stéphanie Hamaoui Marie-Claude Geoffroy Johanne Renaud Jean R Séguin
author_sort	Charlie Rioux
title	Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.
title_short	Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.
title_full	Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.
title_fullStr	Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.
title_full_unstemmed	Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.
title_sort	substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/710a2bd4b562460c85bb10641dfa8e1c
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Substance use disorders and suicidality in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on the direction of the association.

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