Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals

Background: The websites of a hospital are an important tool for information dissemination among the health sector's stakeholders. There is a lack of empirical evidence on the quality of content, and communication shared through the websites of hospitals working in Pakistan; this study is a uni...

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Autores principales:	Ayesha Shahid, Ayesha Nazuk, Dr., PhD, Mahin Alamgir
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Hospitals Website design Disclosures Information dissemination Pakistan Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7124965bc46f4a028d39cd166940030b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7124965bc46f4a028d39cd166940030b2021-11-20T05:15:38ZDesigning an online disclosure index for hospitals2666-990010.1016/j.cmpbup.2021.100037https://doaj.org/article/7124965bc46f4a028d39cd166940030b2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666990021000367https://doaj.org/toc/2666-9900Background: The websites of a hospital are an important tool for information dissemination among the health sector's stakeholders. There is a lack of empirical evidence on the quality of content, and communication shared through the websites of hospitals working in Pakistan; this study is a unique attempt to fill this research gap. Methods: This study is an exploratory cross-sectional inquiry that uses monomethod to adopt inductive research methods to evaluate the websites of hospitals working in Pakistan; there are 1282 hospitals in Pakistan. Using stratified random sampling 127 hospitals, 18.1% (23) public and 81.9% (104) private, were sampled; 11 were from Islamabad, 59 from Punjab, 9 from KPK, and 25 from Sindh. The websites were analyzed in June 2018. Quality of websites was evaluated based on an index; the proposed index has two sub-indices, “Information Content” (C1), and “Communication & Traditional Transaction” (C1). We used frequency analysis, independent samples t-test for checking for existence of significant difference in the mean value of C1 and C2 across the public and private hospitals, and linear regression to explain the link between C1 and its potential correlates — ownership type, newspaper visibility, and location. Results: Scores on (C2) were better than scores on (C1); however, private hospitals surpass public hospitals on C1. Hospitals that were featured in newspapers, score better on C1, no significant differences were found in C2. Private hospitals score better on following indicators, background information, lab information, thematic service areas, annual report, information regarding diseases, date of last page update, testimonials, visiting hours, FAQs, test results, facility of websites translation, information about the list of registered insurance companies, research studies or link to educational material, list of departments, doctors' consultation fee, and duty hours of doctors & staff. The maximum possible score on C1 is 66; while the maximum achieved by the hospitals on C1 is 38. The maximum possible score on C2 is 51; while the maximum achieved by the hospitals on C1 is 44. There exist a significant difference between the mean score of C1 for public and private hospitals— the associated p-value was 0.001; the sample mean of C1 for public hospitals was 13.78, for private hospitals it was 17.06. No significant association was found between ownership type and mean score on C2. Conclusions: The main objective of this study is to propose an index to monitor the online disclosure practices of hospitals. This study fills a pertinent void in literature; it has evaluated the websites of hospitals working in Pakistan. There is a need to improve the quality of these websites; private hospitals performed better, on C1. The role of newspaper visibility is significant in explaining the online disclosures.Ayesha ShahidAyesha Nazuk, Dr., PhDMahin AlamgirElsevierarticleHospitalsWebsite designDisclosuresInformation disseminationPakistanComputer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsR858-859.7ENComputer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine Update, Vol 1, Iss , Pp 100037- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Hospitals Website design Disclosures Information dissemination Pakistan Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7
spellingShingle	Hospitals Website design Disclosures Information dissemination Pakistan Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics R858-859.7 Ayesha Shahid Ayesha Nazuk, Dr., PhD Mahin Alamgir Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals
description	Background: The websites of a hospital are an important tool for information dissemination among the health sector's stakeholders. There is a lack of empirical evidence on the quality of content, and communication shared through the websites of hospitals working in Pakistan; this study is a unique attempt to fill this research gap. Methods: This study is an exploratory cross-sectional inquiry that uses monomethod to adopt inductive research methods to evaluate the websites of hospitals working in Pakistan; there are 1282 hospitals in Pakistan. Using stratified random sampling 127 hospitals, 18.1% (23) public and 81.9% (104) private, were sampled; 11 were from Islamabad, 59 from Punjab, 9 from KPK, and 25 from Sindh. The websites were analyzed in June 2018. Quality of websites was evaluated based on an index; the proposed index has two sub-indices, “Information Content” (C1), and “Communication & Traditional Transaction” (C1). We used frequency analysis, independent samples t-test for checking for existence of significant difference in the mean value of C1 and C2 across the public and private hospitals, and linear regression to explain the link between C1 and its potential correlates — ownership type, newspaper visibility, and location. Results: Scores on (C2) were better than scores on (C1); however, private hospitals surpass public hospitals on C1. Hospitals that were featured in newspapers, score better on C1, no significant differences were found in C2. Private hospitals score better on following indicators, background information, lab information, thematic service areas, annual report, information regarding diseases, date of last page update, testimonials, visiting hours, FAQs, test results, facility of websites translation, information about the list of registered insurance companies, research studies or link to educational material, list of departments, doctors' consultation fee, and duty hours of doctors & staff. The maximum possible score on C1 is 66; while the maximum achieved by the hospitals on C1 is 38. The maximum possible score on C2 is 51; while the maximum achieved by the hospitals on C1 is 44. There exist a significant difference between the mean score of C1 for public and private hospitals— the associated p-value was 0.001; the sample mean of C1 for public hospitals was 13.78, for private hospitals it was 17.06. No significant association was found between ownership type and mean score on C2. Conclusions: The main objective of this study is to propose an index to monitor the online disclosure practices of hospitals. This study fills a pertinent void in literature; it has evaluated the websites of hospitals working in Pakistan. There is a need to improve the quality of these websites; private hospitals performed better, on C1. The role of newspaper visibility is significant in explaining the online disclosures.
format	article
author	Ayesha Shahid Ayesha Nazuk, Dr., PhD Mahin Alamgir
author_facet	Ayesha Shahid Ayesha Nazuk, Dr., PhD Mahin Alamgir
author_sort	Ayesha Shahid
title	Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals
title_short	Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals
title_full	Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals
title_fullStr	Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals
title_full_unstemmed	Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals
title_sort	designing an online disclosure index for hospitals
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7124965bc46f4a028d39cd166940030b
work_keys_str_mv	AT ayeshashahid designinganonlinedisclosureindexforhospitals AT ayeshanazukdrphd designinganonlinedisclosureindexforhospitals AT mahinalamgir designinganonlinedisclosureindexforhospitals
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Designing an online disclosure index for hospitals

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