Trichoderma harzianum-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton

ZnO-based nanomaterials have high antifungal effects, such as inhibition of growth and reproduction of some pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. Therefore, we report the extracellular synthesi...

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Autores principales:	Shimaa A. Zaki, Salama A. Ouf, Fawziah M. Albarakaty, Marian M. Habeb, Aly A. Aly, Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	zinc oxide nanoparticles <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> <i>Fusarium</i> sp. <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/712dc29fc4ca4da5b4230aff7485c6fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:712dc29fc4ca4da5b4230aff7485c6fb2021-11-25T18:06:06Z<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton10.3390/jof71109522309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/712dc29fc4ca4da5b4230aff7485c6fb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/952https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XZnO-based nanomaterials have high antifungal effects, such as inhibition of growth and reproduction of some pathogenic fungi, such as <i>Fusarium</i> sp., <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>. Therefore, we report the extracellular synthesis of ZnONPs using a potential fungal antagonist (<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>). ZnONPs were then characterized for their size, shape, charge and composition by visual analysis, UV–visible spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The TEM test confirmed that the size of the produced ZnONPs was 8–23 nm. The green synthesized ZnONPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies to reveal the functional group attributed to the formation of ZnONPs. For the first time, trichogenic ZnONPs were shown to have fungicidal action against three soil–cotton pathogenic fungi in the laboratory and greenhouse. An antifungal examination was used to evaluate the bioactivity of the mycogenic ZnONPs in addition to two chemical fungicides (Moncut and Maxim XL) against three soil-borne pathogens, including <i>Fusarium</i> sp., <i> Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>. The findings of this study show a novel fungicidal activity in in vitro assay for complete inhibition of fungal growth of tested plant pathogenic fungi, as well as a considerable reduction in cotton seedling disease symptoms under greenhouse conditions. The formulation of a trichogenic ZnONPs form was found to increase its antifungal effect significantly. Finally, the utilization of biocontrol agents, such as <i>T. harzianum</i>, could be a safe strategy for the synthesis of a medium-scale of ZnONPs and employ it for fungal disease control in cotton.Shimaa A. ZakiSalama A. OufFawziah M. AlbarakatyMarian M. HabebAly A. AlyKamel A. Abd-ElsalamMDPI AGarticlezinc oxide nanoparticles<i>Gossypium barbadense</i><i>Fusarium</i> sp.<i>Rhizoctonia solani</i><i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 952, p 952 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	zinc oxide nanoparticles <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> <i>Fusarium</i> sp. <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	zinc oxide nanoparticles <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> <i>Fusarium</i> sp. <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i> Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Shimaa A. Zaki Salama A. Ouf Fawziah M. Albarakaty Marian M. Habeb Aly A. Aly Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton
description	ZnO-based nanomaterials have high antifungal effects, such as inhibition of growth and reproduction of some pathogenic fungi, such as <i>Fusarium</i> sp., <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>. Therefore, we report the extracellular synthesis of ZnONPs using a potential fungal antagonist (<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>). ZnONPs were then characterized for their size, shape, charge and composition by visual analysis, UV–visible spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The TEM test confirmed that the size of the produced ZnONPs was 8–23 nm. The green synthesized ZnONPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies to reveal the functional group attributed to the formation of ZnONPs. For the first time, trichogenic ZnONPs were shown to have fungicidal action against three soil–cotton pathogenic fungi in the laboratory and greenhouse. An antifungal examination was used to evaluate the bioactivity of the mycogenic ZnONPs in addition to two chemical fungicides (Moncut and Maxim XL) against three soil-borne pathogens, including <i>Fusarium</i> sp., <i> Rhizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>. The findings of this study show a novel fungicidal activity in in vitro assay for complete inhibition of fungal growth of tested plant pathogenic fungi, as well as a considerable reduction in cotton seedling disease symptoms under greenhouse conditions. The formulation of a trichogenic ZnONPs form was found to increase its antifungal effect significantly. Finally, the utilization of biocontrol agents, such as <i>T. harzianum</i>, could be a safe strategy for the synthesis of a medium-scale of ZnONPs and employ it for fungal disease control in cotton.
format	article
author	Shimaa A. Zaki Salama A. Ouf Fawziah M. Albarakaty Marian M. Habeb Aly A. Aly Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
author_facet	Shimaa A. Zaki Salama A. Ouf Fawziah M. Albarakaty Marian M. Habeb Aly A. Aly Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
author_sort	Shimaa A. Zaki
title	<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton
title_short	<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton
title_full	<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton
title_fullStr	<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton
title_full_unstemmed	<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton
title_sort	<i>trichoderma harzianum</i>-mediated zno nanoparticles: a green tool for controlling soil-borne pathogens in cotton
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/712dc29fc4ca4da5b4230aff7485c6fb
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<i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton

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