Biomechanical aspects of the initial stability of instrumental fixa- tion in the treatment of subaxial cervical dislocations: an experimental study
Objective. To study the influence of thoracic inlet angle (TIA) and the fracture of the articular process on the initial strength of the fixation of the spinal segment during its anterior and circular instrumental surgical stabilization in an experiment on a model of the lower cervical spinal segm...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN RU |
| Publicado: |
Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan"
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/7132b3821f084dff8699415a3d5548b5 |
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| Sumario: | Objective. To study the influence of thoracic inlet angle (TIA) and the fracture of the articular process on the initial strength of the fixation of the
spinal segment during its anterior and circular instrumental surgical stabilization in an experiment on a model of the lower cervical spinal segment.
Material and Methods. The material of the study was assembled models of C6–C7 spinal segments made using addictive technologies by
3D printing. After preliminary instrumentation, spinal segments were installed on the stand testing machine using specially manufactured
equipment. A metered axial load simulating the native one was applied along the axis of the parameters SVA COG–C7 and C2–C7 SVA,
which values were close to the value of 20 mm, at a rate of 1 mm/min until the shear strain was reached. The system’s resistance to dis-
placement was measured, and the resulting load was evaluated. Four study groups were formed depending on the modeling of the T1 slope
parameter, the integrity of the facets, and the type of instrumentation. Three tests were conducted in each group. The graphical curves
were analyzed, and the values of the parameters of the neutral and elastic zones, the yield point, time to yield point, and the value of the
applied load for the implementation of shear displacement were recorded. The data were subjected to comparative analysis.
Results. In Group 1, anterior shear displacement of the C6 vertebra could not be induced in all series. In groups 2, 3, and 4 a shear dis-
placement of ≥4 mm was noted in all series. In Group 3 where a fracture of the articular process was additionally modeled, the average
value of the yield point was 423.5 ± 46.8 N. Elastic zone, the time to the onset of the yield point, the time at the end point or at a shear of
C6 ≥4 mm did not differ significantly. In Group 4, a translational displacement of ≥4 mm was observed, though the average yield point
was 1536.0 ± 40.0 N.
Conclusion. The direction of the load applied to the fixed spinal segment, as well as the presence of damage to the articular processes, play
a crucial role in maintaining resistance to shear deformation of the spinal segment during its instrumental stabilization. At high values of
TIA (T1 slope) and the presence of fractures of the articular processes, the isolated anterior stabilization is less effective, circular fixation
of 360° under these conditions gives a high initial stability to the spinal segment. |
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