Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.

Establishing different types of conservation zones is becoming commonplace. However, spatial prioritization methods that can accommodate multiple zones are poorly understood in theory and application. It is typically assumed that management regulations across zones have differential levels of effect...

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Autores principales:	Azusa Makino, Carissa J Klein, Maria Beger, Stacy D Jupiter, Hugh P Possingham
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/713616393ccf48ef93100c63c0fa595a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:713616393ccf48ef93100c63c0fa595a2021-11-18T08:48:30ZIncorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0078986https://doaj.org/article/713616393ccf48ef93100c63c0fa595a2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24223870/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Establishing different types of conservation zones is becoming commonplace. However, spatial prioritization methods that can accommodate multiple zones are poorly understood in theory and application. It is typically assumed that management regulations across zones have differential levels of effectiveness ("zone effectiveness") for biodiversity protection, but the influence of zone effectiveness on achieving conservation targets has not yet been explored. Here, we consider the zone effectiveness of three zones: permanent closure, partial protection, and open, for planning for the protection of five different marine habitats in the Vatu-i-Ra Seascape, Fiji. We explore the impact of differential zone effectiveness on the location and costs of conservation priorities. We assume that permanent closure zones are fully effective at protecting all habitats, open zones do not contribute towards the conservation targets and partial protection zones lie between these two extremes. We use four different estimates for zone effectiveness and three different estimates for zone cost of the partial protection zone. To enhance the practical utility of the approach, we also explore how much of each traditional fishing ground can remain open for fishing while still achieving conservation targets. Our results show that all of the high priority areas for permanent closure zones would not be a high priority when the zone effectiveness of the partial protection zone is equal to that of permanent closure zones. When differential zone effectiveness and costs are considered, the resulting marine protected area network consequently increases in size, with more area allocated to permanent closure zones to meet conservation targets. By distributing the loss of fishing opportunity equitably among local communities, we find that 84-88% of each traditional fishing ground can be left open while still meeting conservation targets. Finally, we summarize the steps for developing marine zoning that accounts for zone effectiveness.Azusa MakinoCarissa J KleinMaria BegerStacy D JupiterHugh P PossinghamPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 11, p e78986 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Azusa Makino Carissa J Klein Maria Beger Stacy D Jupiter Hugh P Possingham Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.
description	Establishing different types of conservation zones is becoming commonplace. However, spatial prioritization methods that can accommodate multiple zones are poorly understood in theory and application. It is typically assumed that management regulations across zones have differential levels of effectiveness ("zone effectiveness") for biodiversity protection, but the influence of zone effectiveness on achieving conservation targets has not yet been explored. Here, we consider the zone effectiveness of three zones: permanent closure, partial protection, and open, for planning for the protection of five different marine habitats in the Vatu-i-Ra Seascape, Fiji. We explore the impact of differential zone effectiveness on the location and costs of conservation priorities. We assume that permanent closure zones are fully effective at protecting all habitats, open zones do not contribute towards the conservation targets and partial protection zones lie between these two extremes. We use four different estimates for zone effectiveness and three different estimates for zone cost of the partial protection zone. To enhance the practical utility of the approach, we also explore how much of each traditional fishing ground can remain open for fishing while still achieving conservation targets. Our results show that all of the high priority areas for permanent closure zones would not be a high priority when the zone effectiveness of the partial protection zone is equal to that of permanent closure zones. When differential zone effectiveness and costs are considered, the resulting marine protected area network consequently increases in size, with more area allocated to permanent closure zones to meet conservation targets. By distributing the loss of fishing opportunity equitably among local communities, we find that 84-88% of each traditional fishing ground can be left open while still meeting conservation targets. Finally, we summarize the steps for developing marine zoning that accounts for zone effectiveness.
format	article
author	Azusa Makino Carissa J Klein Maria Beger Stacy D Jupiter Hugh P Possingham
author_facet	Azusa Makino Carissa J Klein Maria Beger Stacy D Jupiter Hugh P Possingham
author_sort	Azusa Makino
title	Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.
title_short	Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.
title_full	Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.
title_fullStr	Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.
title_full_unstemmed	Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.
title_sort	incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/713616393ccf48ef93100c63c0fa595a
work_keys_str_mv	AT azusamakino incorporatingconservationzoneeffectivenessforprotectingbiodiversityinmarineplanning AT carissajklein incorporatingconservationzoneeffectivenessforprotectingbiodiversityinmarineplanning AT mariabeger incorporatingconservationzoneeffectivenessforprotectingbiodiversityinmarineplanning AT stacydjupiter incorporatingconservationzoneeffectivenessforprotectingbiodiversityinmarineplanning AT hughppossingham incorporatingconservationzoneeffectivenessforprotectingbiodiversityinmarineplanning
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Incorporating conservation zone effectiveness for protecting biodiversity in marine planning.

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