Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge

Abstract Junin virus (JUNV) is a pathogen of biodefense importance due to its potential for aerosol transmission and mortality rates reaching 30%. Currently, there are no JUNV vaccines licensed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for at-risk individuals. A vaccine based on recomb...

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Autores principales:	Teresa E. Sorvillo, Robert W. Cross, Dylan M. Johnson, Natalie S. Dobias, Karla A. Fenton, Chad E. Mire, Thomas W. Geisbert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/713abba0383a49a4b2dc963289c7e778
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:713abba0383a49a4b2dc963289c7e7782021-12-02T16:43:41ZSingle dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge10.1038/s41541-021-00361-02059-0105https://doaj.org/article/713abba0383a49a4b2dc963289c7e7782021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-021-00361-0https://doaj.org/toc/2059-0105Abstract Junin virus (JUNV) is a pathogen of biodefense importance due to its potential for aerosol transmission and mortality rates reaching 30%. Currently, there are no JUNV vaccines licensed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for at-risk individuals. A vaccine based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) has been effectively used to prevent Ebola virus disease in humans. Here, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a rVSV expressing the JUNV glycoprotein (rVSVΔG-JUNVGP) in a guinea pig model of lethal JUNV disease. Two groups of guinea pigs, one prime and one prime-boost, were vaccinated with rVSVΔG-JUNVGP; six control animals remained unvaccinated. Survival for prime and prime-boost vaccinated animals was 100% while the challenge virus was uniformly lethal in all control animals. Animals in both vaccine groups developed robust, high avidity IgG antibody titers post-vaccination as well as detectable neutralizing antibodies while control animals failed to develop detectable antibody responses. This study demonstrates for the first time that rVSV expressing the JUNV GP fully protects guinea pigs from lethal JUNV challenge with a single injection vaccine.Teresa E. SorvilloRobert W. CrossDylan M. JohnsonNatalie S. DobiasKarla A. FentonChad E. MireThomas W. GeisbertNature PortfolioarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENnpj Vaccines, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Teresa E. Sorvillo Robert W. Cross Dylan M. Johnson Natalie S. Dobias Karla A. Fenton Chad E. Mire Thomas W. Geisbert Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge
description	Abstract Junin virus (JUNV) is a pathogen of biodefense importance due to its potential for aerosol transmission and mortality rates reaching 30%. Currently, there are no JUNV vaccines licensed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for at-risk individuals. A vaccine based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) has been effectively used to prevent Ebola virus disease in humans. Here, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a rVSV expressing the JUNV glycoprotein (rVSVΔG-JUNVGP) in a guinea pig model of lethal JUNV disease. Two groups of guinea pigs, one prime and one prime-boost, were vaccinated with rVSVΔG-JUNVGP; six control animals remained unvaccinated. Survival for prime and prime-boost vaccinated animals was 100% while the challenge virus was uniformly lethal in all control animals. Animals in both vaccine groups developed robust, high avidity IgG antibody titers post-vaccination as well as detectable neutralizing antibodies while control animals failed to develop detectable antibody responses. This study demonstrates for the first time that rVSV expressing the JUNV GP fully protects guinea pigs from lethal JUNV challenge with a single injection vaccine.
format	article
author	Teresa E. Sorvillo Robert W. Cross Dylan M. Johnson Natalie S. Dobias Karla A. Fenton Chad E. Mire Thomas W. Geisbert
author_facet	Teresa E. Sorvillo Robert W. Cross Dylan M. Johnson Natalie S. Dobias Karla A. Fenton Chad E. Mire Thomas W. Geisbert
author_sort	Teresa E. Sorvillo
title	Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge
title_short	Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge
title_full	Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge
title_fullStr	Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge
title_full_unstemmed	Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge
title_sort	single dose rvsvδg-junvgp vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal junin virus challenge
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/713abba0383a49a4b2dc963289c7e778
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Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge

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