Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.

Megachile rotundata exhibits a facultative prepupal diapause but the cues regulating diapause initiation are not well understood. Possible cues include daylength and temperature. Megachile rotundata females experience changing daylengths over the nesting season that may influence diapause incidence...

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Autores principales:	Elisabeth S Wilson, Claire E Murphy, Covey Wong, Joseph P Rinehart, George D Yocum, Julia H Bowsher
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7168b899d4c545a18dde5110b17ee4ed
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7168b899d4c545a18dde5110b17ee4ed2021-12-02T20:18:49ZEnvironmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0254651https://doaj.org/article/7168b899d4c545a18dde5110b17ee4ed2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254651https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Megachile rotundata exhibits a facultative prepupal diapause but the cues regulating diapause initiation are not well understood. Possible cues include daylength and temperature. Megachile rotundata females experience changing daylengths over the nesting season that may influence diapause incidence in their offspring through a maternal effect. Juvenile M. rotundata spend their developmental period confined in a nesting cavity, potentially subjected to stressful temperatures that may affect diapause incidence and survival. To estimate the impact of daylength and nest cavity temperature on offspring diapause, we designed a 3D printed box with iButtons that measured nest cavity temperature. We observed nest building throughout the season, monitored nest cavity temperature, and followed offspring through development to measure diapause incidence and mortality. We found that daylength was a cue for diapause, and nest cavity temperature did not influence diapause incidence. Eggs laid during long days had a lower probability of diapause. Siblings tended to have the same diapause status, explaining a lot of the remaining variance in diapause incidence. Some females established nests that contained both diapausing and nondiapausing individuals, which were distributed throughout the nest. Nest cavities reached stressful temperatures, which decreased survival. Mortality was significantly higher in nondiapausing bees and the individuals that were laid first in the nest. In conclusion, we demonstrate a maternal effect for diapause that is mediated by daylength and is independent of nest box temperature.Elisabeth S WilsonClaire E MurphyCovey WongJoseph P RinehartGeorge D YocumJulia H BowsherPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0254651 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Elisabeth S Wilson Claire E Murphy Covey Wong Joseph P Rinehart George D Yocum Julia H Bowsher Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.
description	Megachile rotundata exhibits a facultative prepupal diapause but the cues regulating diapause initiation are not well understood. Possible cues include daylength and temperature. Megachile rotundata females experience changing daylengths over the nesting season that may influence diapause incidence in their offspring through a maternal effect. Juvenile M. rotundata spend their developmental period confined in a nesting cavity, potentially subjected to stressful temperatures that may affect diapause incidence and survival. To estimate the impact of daylength and nest cavity temperature on offspring diapause, we designed a 3D printed box with iButtons that measured nest cavity temperature. We observed nest building throughout the season, monitored nest cavity temperature, and followed offspring through development to measure diapause incidence and mortality. We found that daylength was a cue for diapause, and nest cavity temperature did not influence diapause incidence. Eggs laid during long days had a lower probability of diapause. Siblings tended to have the same diapause status, explaining a lot of the remaining variance in diapause incidence. Some females established nests that contained both diapausing and nondiapausing individuals, which were distributed throughout the nest. Nest cavities reached stressful temperatures, which decreased survival. Mortality was significantly higher in nondiapausing bees and the individuals that were laid first in the nest. In conclusion, we demonstrate a maternal effect for diapause that is mediated by daylength and is independent of nest box temperature.
format	article
author	Elisabeth S Wilson Claire E Murphy Covey Wong Joseph P Rinehart George D Yocum Julia H Bowsher
author_facet	Elisabeth S Wilson Claire E Murphy Covey Wong Joseph P Rinehart George D Yocum Julia H Bowsher
author_sort	Elisabeth S Wilson
title	Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.
title_short	Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.
title_full	Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.
title_fullStr	Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.
title_full_unstemmed	Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.
title_sort	environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, megachile rotundata.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7168b899d4c545a18dde5110b17ee4ed
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Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata.

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