Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)

River water quality is particularly of concern in semi-arid countries with limited water resources. Increasing anthropogenic activities can lead to the accumulation of trace metals (TM) in bottom sediments, which is a specific storage compartment. The present study aimed to investigate the geochemis...

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Autores principales:	Sara El Mrissani, Souad Haida, Jean-Luc Probst, Anne Probst
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	river sediments trace metals contamination indices texture and organic carbon available fraction Sebou basin Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7189aa9d24554f9db9a43fcf3f26b451
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7189aa9d24554f9db9a43fcf3f26b4512021-11-25T19:15:36ZMulti-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)10.3390/w132232032073-4441https://doaj.org/article/7189aa9d24554f9db9a43fcf3f26b4512021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3203https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441River water quality is particularly of concern in semi-arid countries with limited water resources. Increasing anthropogenic activities can lead to the accumulation of trace metals (TM) in bottom sediments, which is a specific storage compartment. The present study aimed to investigate the geochemistry of trace metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) and of some physico-chemical parameters in bottom sediments from the Sebou basin, which represents 1/3 of the surface water resources of Morocco. The order of abundance of the metals was Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > Co > As > Cd. A major fingerprint of weathering on metal concentration, and point and non-point anthropogenic sources were highlighted. The origin and intensity of the contamination were determined using a combination of geochemical indicators. The contamination was on the whole moderate, with Cr, Zn, Cu, and Pb as the most enriched metals, especially at the A1, S3, and S4 stations located downstream of Fez city, well known for its intensive industrial and tannery activities. A multi-variate analysis evidenced the strong link between natural elements such as Co with clays and Fe oxides, and As with Ca, whereas Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, partly originating from anthropogenic activities (industrial and domestic waste, agricultural inputs), were linked to phosphorus, oxides, carbonates, and/or POC, indicating their anthropic source and/or control by sediment compounds. Cadmium, Pb, and Cu were the most available metals. Finally, in addition to Cd, Pb and Zn were identified as hazardous metals in sediments as evidenced by the positive relationship between the proportion of the labile fraction and the enrichment factor revealing anthropogenic inputs.Sara El MrissaniSouad HaidaJean-Luc ProbstAnne ProbstMDPI AGarticleriver sedimentstrace metalscontamination indicestexture and organic carbonavailable fractionSebou basinHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3203, p 3203 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	river sediments trace metals contamination indices texture and organic carbon available fraction Sebou basin Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	river sediments trace metals contamination indices texture and organic carbon available fraction Sebou basin Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Sara El Mrissani Souad Haida Jean-Luc Probst Anne Probst Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)
description	River water quality is particularly of concern in semi-arid countries with limited water resources. Increasing anthropogenic activities can lead to the accumulation of trace metals (TM) in bottom sediments, which is a specific storage compartment. The present study aimed to investigate the geochemistry of trace metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) and of some physico-chemical parameters in bottom sediments from the Sebou basin, which represents 1/3 of the surface water resources of Morocco. The order of abundance of the metals was Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > Co > As > Cd. A major fingerprint of weathering on metal concentration, and point and non-point anthropogenic sources were highlighted. The origin and intensity of the contamination were determined using a combination of geochemical indicators. The contamination was on the whole moderate, with Cr, Zn, Cu, and Pb as the most enriched metals, especially at the A1, S3, and S4 stations located downstream of Fez city, well known for its intensive industrial and tannery activities. A multi-variate analysis evidenced the strong link between natural elements such as Co with clays and Fe oxides, and As with Ca, whereas Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, partly originating from anthropogenic activities (industrial and domestic waste, agricultural inputs), were linked to phosphorus, oxides, carbonates, and/or POC, indicating their anthropic source and/or control by sediment compounds. Cadmium, Pb, and Cu were the most available metals. Finally, in addition to Cd, Pb and Zn were identified as hazardous metals in sediments as evidenced by the positive relationship between the proportion of the labile fraction and the enrichment factor revealing anthropogenic inputs.
format	article
author	Sara El Mrissani Souad Haida Jean-Luc Probst Anne Probst
author_facet	Sara El Mrissani Souad Haida Jean-Luc Probst Anne Probst
author_sort	Sara El Mrissani
title	Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)
title_short	Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)
title_full	Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)
title_fullStr	Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)
title_full_unstemmed	Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)
title_sort	multi-indices assessment of origin and controlling factors of trace metals in river sediments from a semi-arid carbonated basin (the sebou basin, morocco)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7189aa9d24554f9db9a43fcf3f26b451
work_keys_str_mv	AT saraelmrissani multiindicesassessmentoforiginandcontrollingfactorsoftracemetalsinriversedimentsfromasemiaridcarbonatedbasintheseboubasinmorocco AT souadhaida multiindicesassessmentoforiginandcontrollingfactorsoftracemetalsinriversedimentsfromasemiaridcarbonatedbasintheseboubasinmorocco AT jeanlucprobst multiindicesassessmentoforiginandcontrollingfactorsoftracemetalsinriversedimentsfromasemiaridcarbonatedbasintheseboubasinmorocco AT anneprobst multiindicesassessmentoforiginandcontrollingfactorsoftracemetalsinriversedimentsfromasemiaridcarbonatedbasintheseboubasinmorocco
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Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)

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