On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples

New materials for advanced fission/fusion nuclear facilities must inevitably demonstrate resistance to radiation embrittlement. Thermal and radiation ageing accompanied by stress corrosion cracking are dominant effects that limit the operational condition and safe lifetime of the newest nuclear faci...

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Autores principales:	Vladimir Slugen, Jarmila Degmova, Stanislav Sojak, Martin Petriska, Pavol Noga, Vladimir Krsjak
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nuclear reactor materials ion implantation radiation damage positron annihilation Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/71a024874a394b90b9a571a2f2a81f49
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:71a024874a394b90b9a571a2f2a81f492021-11-25T18:21:13ZOn the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples10.3390/met111116892075-4701https://doaj.org/article/71a024874a394b90b9a571a2f2a81f492021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1689https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4701New materials for advanced fission/fusion nuclear facilities must inevitably demonstrate resistance to radiation embrittlement. Thermal and radiation ageing accompanied by stress corrosion cracking are dominant effects that limit the operational condition and safe lifetime of the newest nuclear facilities. To study these phenomena and improve the current understanding of various aspects of radiation embrittlement, ion bombardment experiments are widely used as a surrogate for neutron irradiation. While avoiding the induced activity, typical for neutron-irradiated samples, is a clear benefit of the ion implantation, the shallow near-surface region of the modified materials may be a complication to the post-irradiation examination (PIE). However, microstructural defects induced by ion implantation can be effectively investigated using various spectroscopic techniques, including slow-positron beam spectroscopy. This method, typically represented by techniques of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and Doppler broadening spectroscopy, enables a unique depth-profile characterisation of the near-surface region affected by ion bombardment or corrosion degradation. One of the best slow-positron beam facilities is available at the pulsed low-energy positron system (PLEPS), operated at FRM-II reactor in Munich (Germany). Bulk studies (such as high energy ion implantation or neutron irradiation experiments) can be, on the other hand, effectively performed using radioisotope positron sources. In this paper, we outline some basics of the two approaches and provide some recommendations to improve the validity of the positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) data obtained on ion-irradiated samples using a conventional <sup>22</sup>Na positron source.Vladimir SlugenJarmila DegmovaStanislav SojakMartin PetriskaPavol NogaVladimir KrsjakMDPI AGarticlenuclear reactor materialsion implantationradiation damagepositron annihilationMining engineering. MetallurgyTN1-997ENMetals, Vol 11, Iss 1689, p 1689 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nuclear reactor materials ion implantation radiation damage positron annihilation Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
spellingShingle	nuclear reactor materials ion implantation radiation damage positron annihilation Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997 Vladimir Slugen Jarmila Degmova Stanislav Sojak Martin Petriska Pavol Noga Vladimir Krsjak On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples
description	New materials for advanced fission/fusion nuclear facilities must inevitably demonstrate resistance to radiation embrittlement. Thermal and radiation ageing accompanied by stress corrosion cracking are dominant effects that limit the operational condition and safe lifetime of the newest nuclear facilities. To study these phenomena and improve the current understanding of various aspects of radiation embrittlement, ion bombardment experiments are widely used as a surrogate for neutron irradiation. While avoiding the induced activity, typical for neutron-irradiated samples, is a clear benefit of the ion implantation, the shallow near-surface region of the modified materials may be a complication to the post-irradiation examination (PIE). However, microstructural defects induced by ion implantation can be effectively investigated using various spectroscopic techniques, including slow-positron beam spectroscopy. This method, typically represented by techniques of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and Doppler broadening spectroscopy, enables a unique depth-profile characterisation of the near-surface region affected by ion bombardment or corrosion degradation. One of the best slow-positron beam facilities is available at the pulsed low-energy positron system (PLEPS), operated at FRM-II reactor in Munich (Germany). Bulk studies (such as high energy ion implantation or neutron irradiation experiments) can be, on the other hand, effectively performed using radioisotope positron sources. In this paper, we outline some basics of the two approaches and provide some recommendations to improve the validity of the positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) data obtained on ion-irradiated samples using a conventional <sup>22</sup>Na positron source.
format	article
author	Vladimir Slugen Jarmila Degmova Stanislav Sojak Martin Petriska Pavol Noga Vladimir Krsjak
author_facet	Vladimir Slugen Jarmila Degmova Stanislav Sojak Martin Petriska Pavol Noga Vladimir Krsjak
author_sort	Vladimir Slugen
title	On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples
title_short	On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples
title_full	On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples
title_fullStr	On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples
title_full_unstemmed	On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples
title_sort	on the limitations of positron annihilation spectroscopy in the investigation of ion-implanted fecr samples
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/71a024874a394b90b9a571a2f2a81f49
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On the Limitations of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy in the Investigation of Ion-Implanted FeCr Samples

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