Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena

Introduction: The deceptive nature of electrical injury is likened to an iceberg phenomenon. Whether the tissue is conductive or resistant both are injured due to electroporation and heat, respectively. The objective of the study is to evaluate the types and pattern of injuries and attempt to predi...

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Autores principales:	Krishna Manandhar, Jayan Man Shrestha, Sangam Rayamajhi, Ishwar Lohani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Society of Surgeons of Nepal 2017
Materias:	Amputations Debridement Electrical injury Reconstructive flaps Skin grafting Surgery RD1-811
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/71aac8a0e9a34cd9a2f3cf543cd48145
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:71aac8a0e9a34cd9a2f3cf543cd481452021-12-05T19:16:03ZElectrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena10.3126/jssn.v20i2.243751815-39842392-4772https://doaj.org/article/71aac8a0e9a34cd9a2f3cf543cd481452017-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.nepjol.info/index.php/JSSN/article/view/24375https://doaj.org/toc/1815-3984https://doaj.org/toc/2392-4772 Introduction: The deceptive nature of electrical injury is likened to an iceberg phenomenon. Whether the tissue is conductive or resistant both are injured due to electroporation and heat, respectively. The objective of the study is to evaluate the types and pattern of injuries and attempt to predict the chances of various types of injuries and highlight the iceberg phenomenon. Methods: A retrospective study includes 36 patients. Injuries were classified into superficial and deep. Total burned surface area (TBSA) was categorized into four, </= 5%, 6 to 10%, 11 to 20%, and > 20%. The depth of injury was categorized into superficial and deep. Deep injuries were elaborated into loss of skin, muscle, tendon, nerve, artery, cartilage and damage of bone and internal organs. Treatment was grouped into conservative and surgical, where surgical was classified into minor, major and amputation procedures. Results: Injuries were mostly located over the upper extremities (47.76%). The first TBSA category had the highest number of patients (64%), highest percent of superficial and deep injuries (63.88% and 61.29%, respectively) and highest percentage of procedures (64.25%). The average number of procedures per patient was 3.8. The median burned surface area (BSA) was 4% and most of the procedures were performed in patients with less than 4% BSA. Conclusion: Electrical injuries are truly iceberg phenomenon where a small area of TBSA hides the greatest percentage of the deep structure injuries and brings about surprising reconstructive challenges. Krishna ManandharJayan Man ShresthaSangam RayamajhiIshwar LohaniSociety of Surgeons of NepalarticleAmputationsDebridementElectrical injuryReconstructive flapsSkin graftingSurgeryRD1-811ENJournal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal, Vol 20, Iss 2 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Amputations Debridement Electrical injury Reconstructive flaps Skin grafting Surgery RD1-811
spellingShingle	Amputations Debridement Electrical injury Reconstructive flaps Skin grafting Surgery RD1-811 Krishna Manandhar Jayan Man Shrestha Sangam Rayamajhi Ishwar Lohani Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena
description	Introduction: The deceptive nature of electrical injury is likened to an iceberg phenomenon. Whether the tissue is conductive or resistant both are injured due to electroporation and heat, respectively. The objective of the study is to evaluate the types and pattern of injuries and attempt to predict the chances of various types of injuries and highlight the iceberg phenomenon. Methods: A retrospective study includes 36 patients. Injuries were classified into superficial and deep. Total burned surface area (TBSA) was categorized into four, </= 5%, 6 to 10%, 11 to 20%, and > 20%. The depth of injury was categorized into superficial and deep. Deep injuries were elaborated into loss of skin, muscle, tendon, nerve, artery, cartilage and damage of bone and internal organs. Treatment was grouped into conservative and surgical, where surgical was classified into minor, major and amputation procedures. Results: Injuries were mostly located over the upper extremities (47.76%). The first TBSA category had the highest number of patients (64%), highest percent of superficial and deep injuries (63.88% and 61.29%, respectively) and highest percentage of procedures (64.25%). The average number of procedures per patient was 3.8. The median burned surface area (BSA) was 4% and most of the procedures were performed in patients with less than 4% BSA. Conclusion: Electrical injuries are truly iceberg phenomenon where a small area of TBSA hides the greatest percentage of the deep structure injuries and brings about surprising reconstructive challenges.
format	article
author	Krishna Manandhar Jayan Man Shrestha Sangam Rayamajhi Ishwar Lohani
author_facet	Krishna Manandhar Jayan Man Shrestha Sangam Rayamajhi Ishwar Lohani
author_sort	Krishna Manandhar
title	Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena
title_short	Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena
title_full	Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena
title_fullStr	Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena
title_full_unstemmed	Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena
title_sort	electrical injuries: the iceberg phenomena
publisher	Society of Surgeons of Nepal
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/71aac8a0e9a34cd9a2f3cf543cd48145
work_keys_str_mv	AT krishnamanandhar electricalinjuriestheicebergphenomena AT jayanmanshrestha electricalinjuriestheicebergphenomena AT sangamrayamajhi electricalinjuriestheicebergphenomena AT ishwarlohani electricalinjuriestheicebergphenomena
_version_	1718371071575457792

Electrical Injuries: The Iceberg Phenomena

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