A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in Trypanosoma vivax-Experimentally Infected Cattle

Trypanosoma vivax outbreaks have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide, causing significant economic losses in livestock. Though several studies have suggested that cytokine responses may influence infection caused by Trypanosoma sp., their exact rol...

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Autores principales:	Otavio Luiz Fidelis Junior, Paulo Henrique Sampaio, Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves, Rosangela Zacarias Machado, Marcos Rogério André, Gene Wijffels, Fabiano Antonio Cadioli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	trypanosomosis host–parasite relationship RT-qPCR Th1 Th2 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/71baeb4cd1d74a3c997648f8ab7381c4
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:71baeb4cd1d74a3c997648f8ab7381c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:71baeb4cd1d74a3c997648f8ab7381c42021-11-25T16:18:42ZA Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle10.3390/ani111131912076-2615https://doaj.org/article/71baeb4cd1d74a3c997648f8ab7381c42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3191https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615<i>Trypanosoma vivax</i> outbreaks have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide, causing significant economic losses in livestock. Though several studies have suggested that cytokine responses may influence infection caused by <i>Trypanosoma</i> sp., their exact role remains unclear and may vary according to the animal species and parasite strain. The present study aimed to evaluate cytokine expression of peripheral blood cells from three Girolando dairy cows experimentally infected with <i>T. vivax</i>. For this purpose, blood samples were collected prior to the inoculation on the day of inoculation (D0), the day after inoculation (D1), and then every seven days up to 119 days after infection (DAI). Each animal presented a unique pattern of cytokine expression. While a tendency of a Th1 cytokine response was observed during the patent phase (presence of circulating parasites), an increase of Th2 cytokine expression was found at the beginning of the sub-patent phase (low parasitaemia or aparasitaemic periods). In animals that presented a better control of parasitaemia, IL-6 and IFNγ increased during most of the trial period. On the other hand, the cow that presented reduction of IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα during the entire period did not control parasitaemia properly. A balance between the Th1 and Th2 profile is beneficial for parasite control and animal health. The results found in the present study are a first step towards elucidating the dynamics of cattle’s inflammatory response against <i>T. vivax</i>, requiring future studies focusing on the role of key cytokines on the controlling of parasitaemia in different stages of bovine trypanosomosis.Otavio Luiz Fidelis JuniorPaulo Henrique SampaioLuiz Ricardo GonçalvesRosangela Zacarias MachadoMarcos Rogério AndréGene WijffelsFabiano Antonio CadioliMDPI AGarticletrypanosomosishost–parasite relationshipRT-qPCRTh1Th2Veterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3191, p 3191 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	trypanosomosis host–parasite relationship RT-qPCR Th1 Th2 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	trypanosomosis host–parasite relationship RT-qPCR Th1 Th2 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Otavio Luiz Fidelis Junior Paulo Henrique Sampaio Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves Rosangela Zacarias Machado Marcos Rogério André Gene Wijffels Fabiano Antonio Cadioli A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle
description	<i>Trypanosoma vivax</i> outbreaks have been reported with increasing frequency worldwide, causing significant economic losses in livestock. Though several studies have suggested that cytokine responses may influence infection caused by <i>Trypanosoma</i> sp., their exact role remains unclear and may vary according to the animal species and parasite strain. The present study aimed to evaluate cytokine expression of peripheral blood cells from three Girolando dairy cows experimentally infected with <i>T. vivax</i>. For this purpose, blood samples were collected prior to the inoculation on the day of inoculation (D0), the day after inoculation (D1), and then every seven days up to 119 days after infection (DAI). Each animal presented a unique pattern of cytokine expression. While a tendency of a Th1 cytokine response was observed during the patent phase (presence of circulating parasites), an increase of Th2 cytokine expression was found at the beginning of the sub-patent phase (low parasitaemia or aparasitaemic periods). In animals that presented a better control of parasitaemia, IL-6 and IFNγ increased during most of the trial period. On the other hand, the cow that presented reduction of IL-1β, IL-2, and TNFα during the entire period did not control parasitaemia properly. A balance between the Th1 and Th2 profile is beneficial for parasite control and animal health. The results found in the present study are a first step towards elucidating the dynamics of cattle’s inflammatory response against <i>T. vivax</i>, requiring future studies focusing on the role of key cytokines on the controlling of parasitaemia in different stages of bovine trypanosomosis.
format	article
author	Otavio Luiz Fidelis Junior Paulo Henrique Sampaio Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves Rosangela Zacarias Machado Marcos Rogério André Gene Wijffels Fabiano Antonio Cadioli
author_facet	Otavio Luiz Fidelis Junior Paulo Henrique Sampaio Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves Rosangela Zacarias Machado Marcos Rogério André Gene Wijffels Fabiano Antonio Cadioli
author_sort	Otavio Luiz Fidelis Junior
title	A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_short	A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_full	A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_fullStr	A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_full_unstemmed	A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle
title_sort	preliminary study on the relationship between parasitaemia and cytokine expression of peripheral blood cells in <i>trypanosoma vivax</i>-experimentally infected cattle
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/71baeb4cd1d74a3c997648f8ab7381c4
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A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Parasitaemia and Cytokine Expression of Peripheral Blood Cells in <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>-Experimentally Infected Cattle

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