Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question

The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche is a specialized microenvironment, where a complex and dynamic network of interactions across multiple cell types regulates HSC function. During the last years, it became progressively clearer that changes in the HSC niche are responsible for specific alterati...

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Autores principales:	Francesca Matteini, Medhanie A. Mulaw, M. Carolina Florian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	aging HSC niche deep learning bone marrow imaging vessel remodeling sinusoidal niche Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/71dd01893c4e48d89b3c3c1791c561a3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:71dd01893c4e48d89b3c3c1791c561a32021-11-11T06:36:23ZAging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.738204https://doaj.org/article/71dd01893c4e48d89b3c3c1791c561a32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.738204/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche is a specialized microenvironment, where a complex and dynamic network of interactions across multiple cell types regulates HSC function. During the last years, it became progressively clearer that changes in the HSC niche are responsible for specific alterations of HSC behavior. The aging of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has been shown to critically contribute to the decline in HSC function over time. Interestingly, while upon aging some niche structures within the BM are degenerated and negatively affect HSC functionality, other niche cells and specific signals are preserved and essential to retaining HSC function and regenerative capacity. These new findings on the role of the aging BM niche critically depend on the implementation of new technical tools, developed thanks to transdisciplinary approaches, which bring together different scientific fields. For example, the development of specific mouse models in addition to coculture systems, new 3D-imaging tools, ossicles, and ex-vivo BM mimicking systems is highlighting the importance of new technologies to unravel the complexity of the BM niche on aging. Of note, an exponential impact in the understanding of this biological system has been recently brought by single-cell sequencing techniques, spatial transcriptomics, and implementation of artificial intelligence and deep learning approaches to data analysis and integration. This review focuses on how the aging of the BM niche affects HSCs and on the new tools to investigate the specific alterations occurring in the BM upon aging. All these new advances in the understanding of the BM niche and its regulatory function on HSCs have the potential to lead to novel therapeutical approaches to preserve HSC function upon aging and disease.Francesca MatteiniFrancesca MatteiniMedhanie A. MulawM. Carolina FlorianM. Carolina FlorianM. Carolina FlorianFrontiers Media S.A.articleagingHSC nichedeep learningbone marrow imagingvessel remodelingsinusoidal nicheImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aging HSC niche deep learning bone marrow imaging vessel remodeling sinusoidal niche Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	aging HSC niche deep learning bone marrow imaging vessel remodeling sinusoidal niche Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Francesca Matteini Francesca Matteini Medhanie A. Mulaw M. Carolina Florian M. Carolina Florian M. Carolina Florian Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question
description	The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche is a specialized microenvironment, where a complex and dynamic network of interactions across multiple cell types regulates HSC function. During the last years, it became progressively clearer that changes in the HSC niche are responsible for specific alterations of HSC behavior. The aging of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has been shown to critically contribute to the decline in HSC function over time. Interestingly, while upon aging some niche structures within the BM are degenerated and negatively affect HSC functionality, other niche cells and specific signals are preserved and essential to retaining HSC function and regenerative capacity. These new findings on the role of the aging BM niche critically depend on the implementation of new technical tools, developed thanks to transdisciplinary approaches, which bring together different scientific fields. For example, the development of specific mouse models in addition to coculture systems, new 3D-imaging tools, ossicles, and ex-vivo BM mimicking systems is highlighting the importance of new technologies to unravel the complexity of the BM niche on aging. Of note, an exponential impact in the understanding of this biological system has been recently brought by single-cell sequencing techniques, spatial transcriptomics, and implementation of artificial intelligence and deep learning approaches to data analysis and integration. This review focuses on how the aging of the BM niche affects HSCs and on the new tools to investigate the specific alterations occurring in the BM upon aging. All these new advances in the understanding of the BM niche and its regulatory function on HSCs have the potential to lead to novel therapeutical approaches to preserve HSC function upon aging and disease.
format	article
author	Francesca Matteini Francesca Matteini Medhanie A. Mulaw M. Carolina Florian M. Carolina Florian M. Carolina Florian
author_facet	Francesca Matteini Francesca Matteini Medhanie A. Mulaw M. Carolina Florian M. Carolina Florian M. Carolina Florian
author_sort	Francesca Matteini
title	Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question
title_short	Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question
title_full	Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question
title_fullStr	Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question
title_full_unstemmed	Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question
title_sort	aging of the hematopoietic stem cell niche: new tools to answer an old question
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/71dd01893c4e48d89b3c3c1791c561a3
work_keys_str_mv	AT francescamatteini agingofthehematopoieticstemcellnichenewtoolstoansweranoldquestion AT francescamatteini agingofthehematopoieticstemcellnichenewtoolstoansweranoldquestion AT medhanieamulaw agingofthehematopoieticstemcellnichenewtoolstoansweranoldquestion AT mcarolinaflorian agingofthehematopoieticstemcellnichenewtoolstoansweranoldquestion AT mcarolinaflorian agingofthehematopoieticstemcellnichenewtoolstoansweranoldquestion AT mcarolinaflorian agingofthehematopoieticstemcellnichenewtoolstoansweranoldquestion
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Aging of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: New Tools to Answer an Old Question

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