The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand

Ticks are known vectors for a variety of pathogens including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. In this study, bacterial communities were investigated in active life stages of three tick genera (Haemaphysalis, Dermacentor, and Amblyomma) collected from Khao Yai National Park in Thailand. Four...

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Autores principales:	Ratree Takhampunya, Jira Sakolvaree, Nitima Chanarat, Nittayaphon Youngdech, Kritsawan Phonjatturas, Sommai Promsathaporn, Bousaraporn Tippayachai, Wirunya Tachavarong, Kanchit Srinoppawan, Betty K. Poole-Smith, P. Wesley McCardle, Suwanna Chaorattanakawee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	co-infection metagenomics in ticks Amblyomma spp. Haemaphysalis spp. Dermacentor spp. questing ticks in Thailand Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/71dfc1e43c2e4dcb8d8db507cfa50007
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:71dfc1e43c2e4dcb8d8db507cfa500072021-11-22T05:09:20ZThe Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand2297-176910.3389/fvets.2021.764763https://doaj.org/article/71dfc1e43c2e4dcb8d8db507cfa500072021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.764763/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Ticks are known vectors for a variety of pathogens including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. In this study, bacterial communities were investigated in active life stages of three tick genera (Haemaphysalis, Dermacentor, and Amblyomma) collected from Khao Yai National Park in Thailand. Four hundred and thirty-three questing ticks were selected for pathogen detection individually using real-time PCR assays, and 58 of these were subjected to further metagenomics analysis. A total of 62 ticks were found to be infected with pathogenic bacteria, for a 14.3% prevalence rate, with Amblyomma spp. exhibiting the highest infection rate (20.5%), followed by Haemaphysalis spp. (14.5%) and Dermacentor spp. (8.6%). Rickettsia spp. were the most prevalent bacteria (7.9%) found, followed by Ehrlichia spp. (3.2%), and Anaplasma spp. and Borrelia spp. each with a similar prevalence of 1.6%. Co-infection between pathogenic bacteria was only detected in three Haemaphysalis females, and all co-infections were between Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasmataceae (Ehrlichia spp. or Anaplasma spp.), accounting for 4.6% of infected ticks or 0.7% of all examined questing ticks. The prevalence of the Coxiella-like endosymbiont was also investigated. Of ticks tested, 65.8% were positive for the Coxiella-like endosymbiont, with the highest infection rate in nymphs (86.7%), followed by females (83.4%). Among tick genera, Haemaphysalis exhibited the highest prevalence of infection with the Coxiella-like endosymbiont. Ticks harboring the Coxiella-like endosymbiont were more likely to be infected with Ehrlichia spp. or Rickettsia spp. than those without, with statistical significance for Ehrlichia spp. infection in particular (p-values = 0.003 and 0.917 for Ehrlichia spp. and Rickettsia spp., respectively). Profiling the bacterial community in ticks using metagenomics revealed distinct, predominant bacterial taxa in tick genera. Alpha and beta diversities analyses showed that the bacterial community diversity and composition in Haemaphysalis spp. was significantly different from Amblyomma spp. However, when examining bacterial diversity among tick life stages (larva, nymph, and adult) in Haemaphysalis spp., no significant difference among life stages was detected. These results provide valuable information on the bacterial community composition and co-infection rates in questing ticks in Thailand, with implications for animal and human health.Ratree TakhampunyaJira SakolvareeNitima ChanaratNittayaphon YoungdechKritsawan PhonjatturasSommai PromsathapornBousaraporn TippayachaiWirunya TachavarongKanchit SrinoppawanBetty K. Poole-SmithP. Wesley McCardleSuwanna ChaorattanakaweeFrontiers Media S.A.articleco-infectionmetagenomics in ticksAmblyomma spp.Haemaphysalis spp.Dermacentor spp.questing ticks in ThailandVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENFrontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	co-infection metagenomics in ticks Amblyomma spp. Haemaphysalis spp. Dermacentor spp. questing ticks in Thailand Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	co-infection metagenomics in ticks Amblyomma spp. Haemaphysalis spp. Dermacentor spp. questing ticks in Thailand Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Ratree Takhampunya Jira Sakolvaree Nitima Chanarat Nittayaphon Youngdech Kritsawan Phonjatturas Sommai Promsathaporn Bousaraporn Tippayachai Wirunya Tachavarong Kanchit Srinoppawan Betty K. Poole-Smith P. Wesley McCardle Suwanna Chaorattanakawee The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand
description	Ticks are known vectors for a variety of pathogens including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. In this study, bacterial communities were investigated in active life stages of three tick genera (Haemaphysalis, Dermacentor, and Amblyomma) collected from Khao Yai National Park in Thailand. Four hundred and thirty-three questing ticks were selected for pathogen detection individually using real-time PCR assays, and 58 of these were subjected to further metagenomics analysis. A total of 62 ticks were found to be infected with pathogenic bacteria, for a 14.3% prevalence rate, with Amblyomma spp. exhibiting the highest infection rate (20.5%), followed by Haemaphysalis spp. (14.5%) and Dermacentor spp. (8.6%). Rickettsia spp. were the most prevalent bacteria (7.9%) found, followed by Ehrlichia spp. (3.2%), and Anaplasma spp. and Borrelia spp. each with a similar prevalence of 1.6%. Co-infection between pathogenic bacteria was only detected in three Haemaphysalis females, and all co-infections were between Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasmataceae (Ehrlichia spp. or Anaplasma spp.), accounting for 4.6% of infected ticks or 0.7% of all examined questing ticks. The prevalence of the Coxiella-like endosymbiont was also investigated. Of ticks tested, 65.8% were positive for the Coxiella-like endosymbiont, with the highest infection rate in nymphs (86.7%), followed by females (83.4%). Among tick genera, Haemaphysalis exhibited the highest prevalence of infection with the Coxiella-like endosymbiont. Ticks harboring the Coxiella-like endosymbiont were more likely to be infected with Ehrlichia spp. or Rickettsia spp. than those without, with statistical significance for Ehrlichia spp. infection in particular (p-values = 0.003 and 0.917 for Ehrlichia spp. and Rickettsia spp., respectively). Profiling the bacterial community in ticks using metagenomics revealed distinct, predominant bacterial taxa in tick genera. Alpha and beta diversities analyses showed that the bacterial community diversity and composition in Haemaphysalis spp. was significantly different from Amblyomma spp. However, when examining bacterial diversity among tick life stages (larva, nymph, and adult) in Haemaphysalis spp., no significant difference among life stages was detected. These results provide valuable information on the bacterial community composition and co-infection rates in questing ticks in Thailand, with implications for animal and human health.
format	article
author	Ratree Takhampunya Jira Sakolvaree Nitima Chanarat Nittayaphon Youngdech Kritsawan Phonjatturas Sommai Promsathaporn Bousaraporn Tippayachai Wirunya Tachavarong Kanchit Srinoppawan Betty K. Poole-Smith P. Wesley McCardle Suwanna Chaorattanakawee
author_facet	Ratree Takhampunya Jira Sakolvaree Nitima Chanarat Nittayaphon Youngdech Kritsawan Phonjatturas Sommai Promsathaporn Bousaraporn Tippayachai Wirunya Tachavarong Kanchit Srinoppawan Betty K. Poole-Smith P. Wesley McCardle Suwanna Chaorattanakawee
author_sort	Ratree Takhampunya
title	The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand
title_short	The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand
title_full	The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand
title_fullStr	The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand
title_full_unstemmed	The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand
title_sort	bacterial community in questing ticks from khao yai national park in thailand
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/71dfc1e43c2e4dcb8d8db507cfa50007
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The Bacterial Community in Questing Ticks From Khao Yai National Park in Thailand

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