Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds

Abstract Poppy seeds are obtained from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). They are used in bakery products, on top of dishes, in fillings of cakes and in desserts and to produce edible oil. The opium poppy plant contains narcotic alkaloids such as morphine and codeine. Poppy seeds do not conta...

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Autor principal:	EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2011
Materias:	poppy seeds morphine codeine dietary exposure toxicity pharmacology Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/722c54818226491cb10ed7646a230ec3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:722c54818226491cb10ed7646a230ec32021-12-01T10:05:38ZScientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds1831-473210.2903/j.efsa.2011.2405https://doaj.org/article/722c54818226491cb10ed7646a230ec32011-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2405https://doaj.org/toc/1831-4732Abstract Poppy seeds are obtained from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). They are used in bakery products, on top of dishes, in fillings of cakes and in desserts and to produce edible oil. The opium poppy plant contains narcotic alkaloids such as morphine and codeine. Poppy seeds do not contain the opium alkaloids, but can become contaminated with alkaloids as a result of insect damage, or through poor harvesting practices. The European Commission asked the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to provide a scientific opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds intended for human consumption. Following a call for data, EFSA received the results from analyses of opium alkaloids, primarily morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine and noscapine, in samples of poppy seeds, bakery products and baking ingredients. Based on the relative prevalence of the alkaloids present in poppy seed and food samples analysed, and on their pharmacological potency, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) concluded that the risk assessment could be based on dietary exposure to morphine alone. The CONTAM Panel applied an uncertainty factor of 3 to establish from the lowest known single oral therapeutic dose of 30 µg morphine/kg body weight (b.w.) an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 10 μg morphine/kg b.w. Estimates of dietary exposure to morphine from foods containing poppy seed demonstrate that the ARfD can be exceeded during a single serving by some consumers, particularly children, across the EU. This risk assessment relates to poppy seed samples with an alkaloid profile comparable to that of the submitted data and should not be extrapolated to poppy seed samples with a qualitatively different alkaloid profile.EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)Wileyarticlepoppy seedsmorphinecodeinedietary exposuretoxicitypharmacologyNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641Chemical technologyTP1-1185ENEFSA Journal, Vol 9, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	poppy seeds morphine codeine dietary exposure toxicity pharmacology Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	poppy seeds morphine codeine dietary exposure toxicity pharmacology Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Chemical technology TP1-1185 EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds
description	Abstract Poppy seeds are obtained from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). They are used in bakery products, on top of dishes, in fillings of cakes and in desserts and to produce edible oil. The opium poppy plant contains narcotic alkaloids such as morphine and codeine. Poppy seeds do not contain the opium alkaloids, but can become contaminated with alkaloids as a result of insect damage, or through poor harvesting practices. The European Commission asked the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to provide a scientific opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds intended for human consumption. Following a call for data, EFSA received the results from analyses of opium alkaloids, primarily morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine and noscapine, in samples of poppy seeds, bakery products and baking ingredients. Based on the relative prevalence of the alkaloids present in poppy seed and food samples analysed, and on their pharmacological potency, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) concluded that the risk assessment could be based on dietary exposure to morphine alone. The CONTAM Panel applied an uncertainty factor of 3 to establish from the lowest known single oral therapeutic dose of 30 µg morphine/kg body weight (b.w.) an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 10 μg morphine/kg b.w. Estimates of dietary exposure to morphine from foods containing poppy seed demonstrate that the ARfD can be exceeded during a single serving by some consumers, particularly children, across the EU. This risk assessment relates to poppy seed samples with an alkaloid profile comparable to that of the submitted data and should not be extrapolated to poppy seed samples with a qualitatively different alkaloid profile.
format	article
author	EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)
author_facet	EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)
author_sort	EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)
title	Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds
title_short	Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds
title_full	Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds
title_fullStr	Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds
title_full_unstemmed	Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds
title_sort	scientific opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/722c54818226491cb10ed7646a230ec3
work_keys_str_mv	AT efsapaneloncontaminantsinthefoodchaincontam scientificopinionontherisksforpublichealthrelatedtothepresenceofopiumalkaloidsinpoppyseeds
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Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds

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