Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability

Abstract To date, a large number of Bacillus species from different sources have been identified. However, there are few investigations on genome information and evolutionary insights of Bacillus species from cold environments. Bacillus sp. TK-2, isolated from the soil of Changbai Mountain, is a gra...

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Autores principales:	Lijun Shen, Xueli Zang, Ke Sun, Huan Chen, Xinying Che, Yang Sun, Gang Wang, Sitong Zhang, Guang Chen
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Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/7247f64f44f246dcaff46166ab86b4fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:7247f64f44f246dcaff46166ab86b4fd2021-12-02T13:33:50ZComplete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability10.1038/s41598-021-84286-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/7247f64f44f246dcaff46166ab86b4fd2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84286-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract To date, a large number of Bacillus species from different sources have been identified. However, there are few investigations on genome information and evolutionary insights of Bacillus species from cold environments. Bacillus sp. TK-2, isolated from the soil of Changbai Mountain, is a gram-positive bacterium with cold adaptation characteristics. In this study, we present the annotated complete genome sequence of Bacillus sp. TK-2. The genome comprised 5,286,177 bp with a GC content of 35.88%, 5293 protein-encoding genes, 32 rRNA, and 77 tRNA. Numerous genes related to cold adaptation were detected in the genome of Bacillus sp. TK-2, mainly involving in energy supply, regulation of cell membrane fluidity, antioxidant, and molecular chaperones. In addition, the strain TK-2 classified in the Bacillus groups was distributed on a terminal branch with Bacillus cereus A1 by Blastn and phylogenetic analysis in NCBI database. Complete genome sequences of the strain TK-2 and Bacillus cereus A1 were compared by the online tool “Average Nucleotide Identity”, showing that the average nucleotide identity of these two strains was 98.26%. In parallel, A comparative analysis of the genomes of both Bacillus sp. TK-2 and Bacillus cereus A1 was conducted. Through the analysis of core and specific genes with cd-hit, it was found that the two strains had 5691 pan gene, 4524 core gene, and 1167 specific gene clusters. Among the 624 specific gene clusters of Bacillus sp. TK-2, some cold tolerance genes were detected, which implied the unique adaptability of Bacillus sp. TK-2 in long-term low temperature environments. Importantly, enzyme-encoding genes related to the degradation of polysaccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose were detected in the 477 CAZyme genes of this genome. This work on sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the complete sequence of Bacillus sp. TK-2 promote the application and in-depth research of low-temperature biotechnology.Lijun ShenXueli ZangKe SunHuan ChenXinying CheYang SunGang WangSitong ZhangGuang ChenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lijun Shen Xueli Zang Ke Sun Huan Chen Xinying Che Yang Sun Gang Wang Sitong Zhang Guang Chen Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability
description	Abstract To date, a large number of Bacillus species from different sources have been identified. However, there are few investigations on genome information and evolutionary insights of Bacillus species from cold environments. Bacillus sp. TK-2, isolated from the soil of Changbai Mountain, is a gram-positive bacterium with cold adaptation characteristics. In this study, we present the annotated complete genome sequence of Bacillus sp. TK-2. The genome comprised 5,286,177 bp with a GC content of 35.88%, 5293 protein-encoding genes, 32 rRNA, and 77 tRNA. Numerous genes related to cold adaptation were detected in the genome of Bacillus sp. TK-2, mainly involving in energy supply, regulation of cell membrane fluidity, antioxidant, and molecular chaperones. In addition, the strain TK-2 classified in the Bacillus groups was distributed on a terminal branch with Bacillus cereus A1 by Blastn and phylogenetic analysis in NCBI database. Complete genome sequences of the strain TK-2 and Bacillus cereus A1 were compared by the online tool “Average Nucleotide Identity”, showing that the average nucleotide identity of these two strains was 98.26%. In parallel, A comparative analysis of the genomes of both Bacillus sp. TK-2 and Bacillus cereus A1 was conducted. Through the analysis of core and specific genes with cd-hit, it was found that the two strains had 5691 pan gene, 4524 core gene, and 1167 specific gene clusters. Among the 624 specific gene clusters of Bacillus sp. TK-2, some cold tolerance genes were detected, which implied the unique adaptability of Bacillus sp. TK-2 in long-term low temperature environments. Importantly, enzyme-encoding genes related to the degradation of polysaccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose were detected in the 477 CAZyme genes of this genome. This work on sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the complete sequence of Bacillus sp. TK-2 promote the application and in-depth research of low-temperature biotechnology.
format	article
author	Lijun Shen Xueli Zang Ke Sun Huan Chen Xinying Che Yang Sun Gang Wang Sitong Zhang Guang Chen
author_facet	Lijun Shen Xueli Zang Ke Sun Huan Chen Xinying Che Yang Sun Gang Wang Sitong Zhang Guang Chen
author_sort	Lijun Shen
title	Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability
title_short	Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability
title_full	Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability
title_fullStr	Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability
title_full_unstemmed	Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability
title_sort	complete genome sequencing of bacillus sp. tk-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/7247f64f44f246dcaff46166ab86b4fd
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Complete genome sequencing of Bacillus sp. TK-2, analysis of its cold evolution adaptability

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