Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal

Palm oil sludge (POS), an industrial waste from the palm oil industry, was utilised as a new adsorbent for the removal of toxic cadmium (Cd2+). Response surface methodology was carried out to investigate the effects of initial concentration (C0), contact time (t), dosage (W) and pH and optimise the...

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Autores principales:	Xin Jiat Lee, Billie Yan Zhang Hiew, Kar Chiew Lai, Wan Ting Tee, Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, Suyin Gan, Lai Yee Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2021
Materias:	Palm oil sludge Heavy metal Cadmium Adsorption Response surface methodology Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Energy conservation TJ163.26-163.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/724978450daf4ac68bb5f0c2c8f23032
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:724978450daf4ac68bb5f0c2c8f230322021-11-30T04:16:59ZEvaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal2589-299110.1016/j.mset.2021.06.002https://doaj.org/article/724978450daf4ac68bb5f0c2c8f230322021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589299121000173https://doaj.org/toc/2589-2991Palm oil sludge (POS), an industrial waste from the palm oil industry, was utilised as a new adsorbent for the removal of toxic cadmium (Cd2+). Response surface methodology was carried out to investigate the effects of initial concentration (C0), contact time (t), dosage (W) and pH and optimise the process conditions. The maximum adsorption capacity was evaluated to be 18.49 mg g−1 at these optimised conditions: C0 = 200 mg L-1, t = 60 min, W = 0.3 g and pH 5.8. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved after 60 min, whereby the adsorption equilibrium and kinetic were best described by the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, respectively. The adsorption of Cd2+ onto POS was thermodynamically spontaneous (ΔG = -35.63 to -31.97 kJ mol−1), exothermic (ΔH = -35.92 kJ mol−1) with increased randomness at the solid–liquid interface (ΔS = 0.283 kJ mol−1 K−1). POS exhibited a high regeneration potential using 0.4 mol L-1 hydrochloric acid, with a desorption efficiency over 90% after 5 adsorption–desorption cycles. Conclusively, POS is an effective adsorbent for Cd2+ removal.Xin Jiat LeeBillie Yan Zhang HiewKar Chiew LaiWan Ting TeeSuchithra Thangalazhy-GopakumarSuyin GanLai Yee LeeKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.articlePalm oil sludgeHeavy metalCadmiumAdsorptionResponse surface methodologyMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492Energy conservationTJ163.26-163.5ENMaterials Science for Energy Technologies, Vol 4, Iss , Pp 224-235 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Palm oil sludge Heavy metal Cadmium Adsorption Response surface methodology Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Energy conservation TJ163.26-163.5
spellingShingle	Palm oil sludge Heavy metal Cadmium Adsorption Response surface methodology Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Energy conservation TJ163.26-163.5 Xin Jiat Lee Billie Yan Zhang Hiew Kar Chiew Lai Wan Ting Tee Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Suyin Gan Lai Yee Lee Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal
description	Palm oil sludge (POS), an industrial waste from the palm oil industry, was utilised as a new adsorbent for the removal of toxic cadmium (Cd2+). Response surface methodology was carried out to investigate the effects of initial concentration (C0), contact time (t), dosage (W) and pH and optimise the process conditions. The maximum adsorption capacity was evaluated to be 18.49 mg g−1 at these optimised conditions: C0 = 200 mg L-1, t = 60 min, W = 0.3 g and pH 5.8. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved after 60 min, whereby the adsorption equilibrium and kinetic were best described by the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, respectively. The adsorption of Cd2+ onto POS was thermodynamically spontaneous (ΔG = -35.63 to -31.97 kJ mol−1), exothermic (ΔH = -35.92 kJ mol−1) with increased randomness at the solid–liquid interface (ΔS = 0.283 kJ mol−1 K−1). POS exhibited a high regeneration potential using 0.4 mol L-1 hydrochloric acid, with a desorption efficiency over 90% after 5 adsorption–desorption cycles. Conclusively, POS is an effective adsorbent for Cd2+ removal.
format	article
author	Xin Jiat Lee Billie Yan Zhang Hiew Kar Chiew Lai Wan Ting Tee Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Suyin Gan Lai Yee Lee
author_facet	Xin Jiat Lee Billie Yan Zhang Hiew Kar Chiew Lai Wan Ting Tee Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Suyin Gan Lai Yee Lee
author_sort	Xin Jiat Lee
title	Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal
title_short	Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal
title_full	Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal
title_fullStr	Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal
title_sort	evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal
publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/724978450daf4ac68bb5f0c2c8f23032
work_keys_str_mv	AT xinjiatlee evaluationofindustrialpalmoilsludgeasaneffectivegreenadsorbingsubstratefortoxicaqueouscadmiumremoval AT billieyanzhanghiew evaluationofindustrialpalmoilsludgeasaneffectivegreenadsorbingsubstratefortoxicaqueouscadmiumremoval AT karchiewlai evaluationofindustrialpalmoilsludgeasaneffectivegreenadsorbingsubstratefortoxicaqueouscadmiumremoval AT wantingtee evaluationofindustrialpalmoilsludgeasaneffectivegreenadsorbingsubstratefortoxicaqueouscadmiumremoval AT suchithrathangalazhygopakumar evaluationofindustrialpalmoilsludgeasaneffectivegreenadsorbingsubstratefortoxicaqueouscadmiumremoval AT suyingan evaluationofindustrialpalmoilsludgeasaneffectivegreenadsorbingsubstratefortoxicaqueouscadmiumremoval AT laiyeelee evaluationofindustrialpalmoilsludgeasaneffectivegreenadsorbingsubstratefortoxicaqueouscadmiumremoval
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Evaluation of industrial palm oil sludge as an effective green adsorbing substrate for toxic aqueous cadmium removal

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