Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results

Abstract This study explores a new concept of Martian differential absorption Lidar operating at the 2‐μm CO2 absorption band for atmospheric CO2 and pressure observations. For the considered system, two or more closely spaced wavelengths are selected, so that environmental factors such as surface r...

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Autores principales:	B. Lin, Z. Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2021
Materias:	Martian weather CO2 air pressure differential absorption lidar dusts and clouds Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/727071faf4a94eaf85244ca59465840b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:727071faf4a94eaf85244ca59465840b2021-11-23T21:03:08ZMartian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results2333-508410.1029/2020EA001600https://doaj.org/article/727071faf4a94eaf85244ca59465840b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1029/2020EA001600https://doaj.org/toc/2333-5084Abstract This study explores a new concept of Martian differential absorption Lidar operating at the 2‐μm CO2 absorption band for atmospheric CO2 and pressure observations. For the considered system, two or more closely spaced wavelengths are selected, so that environmental factors such as surface reflection, atmospheric scattering, and absorptions from other trace gases on the lidar return signals are very similar for all selected wavelengths, but the difference in CO2 absorption is substantial. Thus, Martian CO2 amount and air pressure could be retrieved from the measured CO2 differential absorption optical depth at the selected wavelengths. Simulations based on Mars's environmental conditions and technically feasible lidar systems show that lidar returns from the surface could have sufficient signal strengths that allow surface air pressure measurements with 1 Pa precision after a horizontally 5‐km averaging when dust optical depth is smaller than 1.5. Even when the dust optical depth increases to 3, the uncertainty in the air pressure and column CO2 amount measurements with a random error is still smaller than 1%. In the presence of moderate dust aerosol loads and with the optimal selection of offline and online wavelengths, atmospheric CO2 and pressure profiles could also be retrieved from the surface up to an ∼13‐km altitude with the random error smaller than 1% for a horizontal resolution of 100 km and a vertical resolution of 100 m during night or 400 m during day. These CO2 and pressure measurements would significantly improve weather and climate modeling and prediction.B. LinZ. LiuAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)articleMartian weatherCO2air pressuredifferential absorption lidardusts and cloudsAstronomyQB1-991GeologyQE1-996.5ENEarth and Space Science, Vol 8, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Martian weather CO2 air pressure differential absorption lidar dusts and clouds Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5
spellingShingle	Martian weather CO2 air pressure differential absorption lidar dusts and clouds Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5 B. Lin Z. Liu Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results
description	Abstract This study explores a new concept of Martian differential absorption Lidar operating at the 2‐μm CO2 absorption band for atmospheric CO2 and pressure observations. For the considered system, two or more closely spaced wavelengths are selected, so that environmental factors such as surface reflection, atmospheric scattering, and absorptions from other trace gases on the lidar return signals are very similar for all selected wavelengths, but the difference in CO2 absorption is substantial. Thus, Martian CO2 amount and air pressure could be retrieved from the measured CO2 differential absorption optical depth at the selected wavelengths. Simulations based on Mars's environmental conditions and technically feasible lidar systems show that lidar returns from the surface could have sufficient signal strengths that allow surface air pressure measurements with 1 Pa precision after a horizontally 5‐km averaging when dust optical depth is smaller than 1.5. Even when the dust optical depth increases to 3, the uncertainty in the air pressure and column CO2 amount measurements with a random error is still smaller than 1%. In the presence of moderate dust aerosol loads and with the optimal selection of offline and online wavelengths, atmospheric CO2 and pressure profiles could also be retrieved from the surface up to an ∼13‐km altitude with the random error smaller than 1% for a horizontal resolution of 100 km and a vertical resolution of 100 m during night or 400 m during day. These CO2 and pressure measurements would significantly improve weather and climate modeling and prediction.
format	article
author	B. Lin Z. Liu
author_facet	B. Lin Z. Liu
author_sort	B. Lin
title	Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results
title_short	Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results
title_full	Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results
title_fullStr	Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results
title_full_unstemmed	Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results
title_sort	martian atmospheric co2 and pressure profiling with differential absorption lidar: system consideration and simulation results
publisher	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/727071faf4a94eaf85244ca59465840b
work_keys_str_mv	AT blin martianatmosphericco2andpressureprofilingwithdifferentialabsorptionlidarsystemconsiderationandsimulationresults AT zliu martianatmosphericco2andpressureprofilingwithdifferentialabsorptionlidarsystemconsiderationandsimulationresults
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Martian Atmospheric CO2 and Pressure Profiling With Differential Absorption Lidar: System Consideration and Simulation Results

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